Compositions Comprising Azelastine and Methods of Use Thereof

ABSTRACT

The present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising azelastine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof including azelastine hydrochloride, and optionally one or more additional active agents. Preferred such compositions further comprise one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients that reduce the amount of post-nasal drip, and/or that minimize or mask the unpleasant bitter taste associated with post-nasal drip, of the compositions, into the oral cavity, upon intranasal or ocular administration of the compositions. Especially effective excipients used in the compositions of the present invention are hypromellose as a viscosity modifier and sucralose as a taste-masking agent. The invention also provides methods of treating or preventing certain disorders, or symptomatic relief therefrom, by administering the compositions of the invention to a patient, e.g., for the symptomatic relief of allergic rhinitis, non-allergic vasomotor rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, as well as other disorders.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application claims the benefit of the filing date of U.S.Provisional Patent Application No. 60/630,274, filed Nov. 24, 2004, thedisclosure of which application is incorporated herein by reference inits entirety.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention is in the fields of pharmaceuticals, formulationschemistry and pharmacology. The invention generally relates tocompositions comprising azelastine or pharmaceutically acceptable saltsor esters thereof, including azelastine hydrochloride. In certainembodiments, the invention provides pharmaceutical compositionscomprising azelastine hydrochloride formulated for use as nasal spraysand/or ocular solutions or drops, as well as dosage formulations fororal and pulmonary delivery. The invention also relates to methods ofuse of such compositions in treating, alleviating or preventing symptomsassociated with a variety of allergic and non-allergic conditions.

2. Related Art

Azelastine is a second-generation H1 antagonist antihistamine which isused for its anti-allergic, anti-asthmatic and antihistamine properties.Azelastine is a phthalazinone derivative having the following structuralformula:

Azelastine can be produced in a variety of salt forms. The form mostfrequently used in pharmaceuticals is azelastine hydrochloride, whichoccurs as a white, almost odorless, crystalline powder with a strongbitter taste. The chemical name for azelastine hydrochloride is(±)-1-(2H)-phthalazinone,4-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-(hexahydro-1-methyl-1H-azepin-4-yl)-,mono-hydrochloride and its molecular formula is C₂₂H₂₄ClN₃O.HCl. Othersalt forms suitable for use in pharmaceutical compositions includeazelastine embonate, which is reduced in bitterness compared toazelastine HCl (see U.S. Pat. No. 5,232,919 the disclosure of which isincorporated herein by reference), but which may also be less effectivethan azelastine HCl.

Research has shown that azelastine and its physiologically acceptablesalt forms exhibit beneficial effects when the correspondingformulations are applied directly onto the nasal mucosa and/or theconjunctival sac of the eye (see U.S. Pat. No. 5,164,194). Eliminationof symptoms or noticeable relief has thus been achieved in allergicrhinitis (seasonal and/or nonseasonal), vasomotor rhinitis and allergicconjunctivitis.

Despite its effectiveness, azelastine hydrochloride possesses a strongbitter taste. This bitter taste is so intense that it was found to beunpleasant even at a dilution of 1×10⁶ (see U.S. Pat. No. 5,164,194).The bitter taste was not thought to be a problem in intranasal deliveryof azelastine hydrochloride (see id.). However, subsequent clinicalstudies have shown that the bitter taste of azelastine hydrochloride is,indeed, an undesired element as a portion of the medication usuallydrips down into the pharynx after intranasal administration leading toan unpleasant and undesired taste experience by the patient. Forexample, MedPointe Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Somerset, N.J.) has reportedin the ASTELIN® product label insert that in clinical studies, thebitter taste adverse event occurred statistically more often in patientstreated with ASTELIN® brand Nasal Spray (containing 0.10% w/v azelastinehydrochloride) versus vehicle placebo (19.7% vs. 0.6%). Likewise, thefluid formed by a combination of an ocularly administered medication,and induced tears secreted by the lachrymal glands, drains via thenasolachrymal duct into the nose and ultimately down the pharynx (seeDay, N., “Ophthalmic Dosage Forms,” in: Pharmaceutical Preformulationand Formulation, Buffalo Grove, Ill.: Interpharm Press (2002)). Suchpost-nasal drip caused by the ocular administration of compositionscomprising azelastine hydrochloride therefore can also induce a bitterand unpleasant taste experience by the patient. Ukai et al. (U.S. Pat.No. 6,576,677) disclose the use of polyvinylpyrrolidone and/orcopolyvidone to mask the taste of bitter medicaments, includingazelastine.

There remains a need for a therapeutically effective dose of azelastinehydrochloride, particularly for nasal, ocular, or pulmonary delivery,which possesses a more desired taste and/or has a reduced ability todrip down into the pharynx after intranasal or ocular administration,thus improving patient acceptability and compliance.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides compositions, particularly stablepharmaceutical compositions, comprising azelastine and/or one or morepharmacologically acceptable salts or esters thereof, particularlyazelastine hydrochloride. In certain embodiments, the pharmaceuticalcompositions comprise one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriersor excipients, particularly one or more such carriers or excipients thatare useful in formulating the composition into a form suitable forintranasal delivery, e.g., via aerosol or spray approaches, or forophthalmic delivery, e.g., via ocular drops, or for pulmonary delivery,e.g., via a suitable device.

In certain additional embodiments, the invention provides pharmaceuticalcompositions comprising (or consisting essentially of) suitableconcentrations of azelastine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt orester thereof (such as azelastine hydrochloride (HCl)) to provide atherapeutically effective dose of azelastine, or a pharmaceuticallyacceptable salt or ester thereof, and one or more pharmaceuticallyacceptable carriers or excipients, wherein at least one of thepharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients is a taste-maskingagent that masks the bitter taste associated with azelastine or itssalts or esters such that the bitter taste experienced by a patient,upon administration of the pharmaceutical composition to the patient, isreduced or eliminated, thus enhancing the organoleptic acceptance of thecomposition when applied to the nasal, ocular, oral or pharyngealmucosa. In preferred such embodiments, the taste-masking agent isselected from the group consisting of sucralose, thaumatin (e.g.,Talin®) sucrose, saccharin (including the salt forms: sodium, calcium,etc.), fructose, dextrose, corn syrup, aspartame, acesulfame-K, xylitol,sorbitol, erythritol, ammonium glycyrrhizinate, thaumatin, neotame,mannitol, eucalyptus oil, camphor, and natural or artificial flavors orflavoring agents (for example menthol, mints, vanilla, orange, etc.), orcombinations of two or more of such agents. Particularly preferred suchembodiments provide such pharmaceutical compositions in which thetaste-masking agent is sucralose, at a suitable concentration, forexample, from about 0.001% to 1%, preferably from about 0.01% to about0.5%, more preferably from about 0.02% to about 0.2%, or most preferablyfrom about 0.05% to about 0.15%, of the total composition. Additionalsuch embodiments may further comprise one or more additional flavoringagents, such as menthol, mints, vanilla, orange, etc. The compositionsof the present invention preferably can be formulated for administrationvia any of a variety of routes, including but not limited to intranasal,ocular, oral, buccal, sublingual administration and the like.

In additional embodiments, the invention provides the intranasal orocular pharmaceutical compositions described above, which may furthercomprise one or more agents that reduce or prevent postnasal drip of thecompositions into the pharynx upon intranasal or ocular administrationof the compositions. Certain such compositions may comprise, forexample, one or more viscosity-increasing agents that increase theviscosity of the azelastine-containing composition. Suitableviscosity-increasing agents for use in accordance with this aspect ofthe invention include, but are not limited to, polyvinylpyrrolidones(PVP) (preferably having a molecular weight of about 10,000 to about360,000, as well as mixtures containing one or more grades or molecularweight of PVP), cellulose derivatives (including, but not limited to,hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose or its salts,hypromellose, and the like), carrageenan, guar gum, alginates,carbomers, polyethylene glycols, polyvinyl alcohol, xanthan gum, and thelike. In certain preferred embodiments, hypromellose is used as aviscosity-increasing agent in the nasal or ocular formulations providedby the present invention.

Certain compositions of the invention may further comprise one or moreadditional components or agents, including one or more solvents, one ormore preservatives, one or more stabilizers, one or moresolubility-improving agents, one or more isotonicity agents, one or morebuffers or buffering agents, one or more synthetic, semi-synthetic ornatural bioadhesives, and the like.

The invention also provides methods of treating or preventing a varietyof allergy-related and/or vasomotor-related conditions, or symptomsthereof, including allergic rhinitis, vasomotor rhinitis, allergicconjunctivitis and the like. According to this aspect of the invention,the compositions may be administered to the patient via any suitablemode of administration, including intranasal, ocular, oral, buccal,sublingual, pulmonary or the like. Suitably, the compositions areadministered directly to the nasal mucosa (i.e., intranasally, e.g., inthe form of a nasal spray or drops) or to the conjunctival sac of theeye (i.e., ocularly, e.g., in the form of ocular drops).

The present invention also provides oral dosage pharmaceuticalcompositions comprising (or consisting essentially of) a therapeuticallyeffective dose of azelastine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt orester thereof, at a concentration of from about 0.05% to about 5.0% byweight, or to provide about 0.5 mg to about 10 mg per dose, and one ormore pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients, wherein atleast one of the pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients is ataste masking agent, e.g., sucralose. In certain such embodiments, theamount of azelastine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof(e.g., azelastine HCl) is in the range of about 0.05 mg to about 10 mg.Suitably the concentration of sucralose is about 0.05% to about 0.15% byweight. Exemplary forms of oral dosage compositions include, but are notlimited to, liquid solutions, suspensions, tablets, capsules, chewabletablets, orally disintegrating tablets, effervescent compositions andorally dissolving/consumable films.

The present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositionscomprising (or consisting essentially of) a therapeutically effectivedose of azelastine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or esterthereof, at a concentration of from about 0.05% to about 5.0% by weight,and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients,wherein at least one of the pharmaceutically acceptable carriers orexcipients is sucralose, and wherein the pharmaceutical compositionfurther comprises one or more additional active agents. Suitableadditional active agents for use in such compositions include, but arenot limited to, antihistamines (such as cetirizine, fexofenadine,olopatadine, terfenadine and loratadine), steroids (such asfluoromethalone, fluticasone, mometasone, triamcinolone, betamethasone,flunisolide, budesonide, beclomethasone, budesonide, rimexolone,loteprednol, beloxil, prednisone, loteprednol and dexamethasone),leukotriene antagonists (such as montelukast), decongestants (such aspseudoephedrine, phenylephedrine, phenylephrine, phenylpropanolamine,oxymetazoline, propylhexedrine, xylometazoline, epinephrine, ephedrine,desoxyephedrine, naphazoline, and tetrahydrozoline), expectorants (suchas guaifenesin, sodium cromoglycate, codeine phosphate, and isoproternolhydrochloride) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (such asibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenac, naproxen, etodolac, flurbiprofen,fenoprofen, ketoprofen, suprofen, fenbufen, fluprofen, tolmetin sodium,oxaprozin, zomepirac, sulindac indomethacin, piroxicam, mefenamic acid,nabumetone, meclofenamate sodium, diflunisal, flufenisal, piroxicam,ketorolac, sudoxicam and isoxicam). Suitably the amount of sucralose insuch compositions is about 0.05% to about 0.15% by weight. Thepharmaceutical compositions can also comprise combinations of azelastineand multiple additional active agents, for example, azelastine, one ormore steroids and one or more decongestants; or azelastine, one or moresteroids and one or more leukotriene antagonists. Such combinationcompositions can also further comprise sucralose and/or other additionalcarriers or excipients.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides sustained releasepharmaceutical compositions for oral delivery comprising (or consistingessentially of) a therapeutically effective dose of azelastine, or apharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof, and one or morepharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients, wherein at least oneof the pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients is sucralose,and wherein the azelastine, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt orester thereof, is: 1) coated with one or more sustained releasecomponents; 2) bound to a cation exchanger; 3) reacted with one or moreosmotically active substances and coated with a semi-permeable membraneand a hole is bored into the membrane; or 4) embedded in, or is boundto, one or more substances selected from of the group consisting ofdigestible fats, indigestible fats, polymers and swelling agents.Suitably, the amount of azelastine in such sustained releasecompositions is about 0.05% to about 10.0% by weight and the amount ofsucralose in such sustained release compositions is about 0.05% to about0.15% by weight. In certain such embodiments, the amount of azelastineor salt thereof (e.g., azelastine HCl) is about 0.5 mg to about 10 mg.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides liquidpharmaceutical compositions for ocular administration, comprising (orconsisting essentially of) a therapeutically effective dose ofazelastine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof, andone or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients, whereinat least one of the pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipientsis sucralose, wherein the composition is free, or substantially free ofpreservatives, and wherein the composition is provided in a singleunit-dose container. Suitably, the amount of azelastine in such liquid,unit-dose pharmaceutical compositions is about 0.05% to about 0.15% byweight and the amount of sucralose in such liquid, unit-dosepharmaceutical compositions is about 0.05% to about 0.15% by weight.Suitable unit-dose containers include, but are not limited to, highdensity polyethylene containers, for example, high density polyethylenecontainers produced using a blow-fill-seal manufacturing technique witha volume capacity of about 1 mL.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides liquidpharmaceutical compositions for nasal administration in unit-dose ormulti-dose configurations, comprising (or consisting essentially of) atherapeutically effective dose of azelastine, or a pharmaceuticallyacceptable salt or ester thereof, and one or more pharmaceuticallyacceptable carriers or excipients, wherein at least one of thepharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients is sucralose, whereinthe composition is free, or substantially free of preservatives, andwherein the composition is provided in either a unit-dose or multi-dosecontainer. Suitably, the amount of azelastine in such liquid, unit-doseor multi-dose pharmaceutical compositions is about 0.05% to about 0.15%by weight and the amount of sucralose in such liquid, unit-dose ormulti-dose pharmaceutical compositions is about 0.05% to about 0.15% byweight. Suitable unit-dose or multi-dose containers include, but are notlimited to, high density polyethylene bottles with a volume capacity ofabout 1 ml to 10 mL fitted with a spray pump specifically designed foruse with preservative free formulations.

The present invention also provides inhalable powder pharmaceuticalcompositions comprising (or consisting essentially of), atherapeutically effective dose of azelastine, or a pharmaceuticallyacceptable salt or ester thereof, and one or more pharmaceuticallyacceptable carriers or excipients, wherein the azelastine is in the formof micronized particles and wherein at least one of the pharmaceuticallyacceptable carriers or excipients is sucralose, for example, micronizedparticles of sucralose. Suitable such inhalable powder pharmaceuticalcompositions comprise micronized particles of azelastine with an averageparticle size of about 1 μm to about 5 μm, and micronized particles ofsucralose with an average particle size of about 1 μm to about 20 μm.Such inhalable powder pharmaceutical compositions of the presentinvention can be formulated for pulmonary delivery using, for example, adry powder inhaler. Suitably, the amount of azelastine in such inhalablepowder pharmaceutical compositions is about 0.1% to about 20.0% byweight and the amount of sucralose in such inhalable powderpharmaceutical compositions is about 0.05% to about 20.0% by weight.

The present invention also provides inhalable spray pharmaceuticalcompositions comprising (or consisting essentially of), a suitableconcentration to provide a therapeutically effective dose of azelastine,or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof, and one or morepharmaceutically acceptable carrier, stabilizer or excipient, whereinthe azelastine is in a solution form and wherein at least one of thepharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients is sucralosedissolved in the solution. Such inhalable spray pharmaceuticalcompositions when used with a suitable device provide a fine spray ofthe components (including active and non-active components) having anaverage particle size of about 1 μm to about Such inhalable spraypharmaceutical compositions of the present invention can be formulatedfor pulmonary delivery using, for example, a suitable device or inhaler.Suitably the amount of azelastine in such inhalable spray pharmaceuticalcompositions is about 0.1% to about 10% by weight and the amount ofsucralose in such inhalable spray pharmaceutical compositions is about0.05% to about 0.15% by weight.

The present invention also provides methods of treating snoring in ananimal, comprising administering to the animal a therapeuticallyeffective dose of azelastine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt orester thereof, and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers orexcipients, wherein at least one of the pharmaceutically acceptablecarriers or excipients is sucralose. The amount of azelastine in suchcompositions suitably is about 0.05% to about 0.15% by weight, and theamount of sucralose in such compositions is suitably about 0.05% toabout 0.15% by weight.

The present invention also provides methods of treating or preventingallergic rhinitis, non-allergic vasomotor rhinitis or allergicconjunctivitis in an animal, such as a human, suffering from orpredisposed thereto, comprising administering to said animal apharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount azelastine anda taste-masking amount of sucralose, thereby avoiding the bitter tasteassociated with the azelastine.

In suitable embodiments, the present invention provides pharmaceuticalcompositions comprising (or consisting essentially of) the following:

About 0.05% to about 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; and about0.01% to about 1.0% (w/v) steroid selected from the group consisting offluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonideand triamcinolone.

About 0.05% to about 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.01%to about 1.0% (w/v) steroid selected from the group consisting offluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonideand triamcinolone; and about 0.1% to about 0.15% (w/v) sucralose.

About 0.1% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.01% to about 1.0%(w/v) steroid selected from the group consisting of fluticasone,mometasone, dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide andtriamcinolone; and about 0.1% (w/v) sucralose.

About 0.1% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.01% to about 1.0%(w/v) steroid selected from the group consisting of fluticasone,mometasone, dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide andtriamcinolone; and about 0.15% (w/v) sucralose.

About 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.01% to about 1.0%(w/v) steroid selected from the group consisting of fluticasone,mometasone, dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide andtriamcinolone; and about 0.1% (w/v) sucralose.

About 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.01% to about 1.0%(w/v) steroid selected from the group consisting of fluticasone,mometasone, dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide andtriamcinolone; and about 0.15% (w/v) sucralose.

About 0.05% to about 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; and about0.1% to about 5.0% (w/v) montelukast.

About 0.05% to about 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.1% toabout 5.0% (w/v) montelukast; and about 0.1% to about 0.15% (w/v)sucralose.

About 0.1% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.1% to about 5.0%(w/v) montelukast; and about 0.1% (w/v) sucralose.

About 0.1% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.1% to about 5.0%(w/v) montelukast; and about 0.15% (w/v) sucralose.

About 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.1% to about 5.0%(w/v) montelukast; and about 0.1% (w/v) sucralose.

About 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.1% to about 5.0%(w/v) montelukast; and about 0.15% (w/v) sucralose.

About 0.05% to about 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; and about0.1% to about 1.0% (w/v) decongestant selected from the group consistingof pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine.

About 0.05% to about 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.1% toabout 1.0% (w/v) decongestant selected from the group consisting ofpseudoephedrine and phenylephrine; and about 0.1% to about 0.15% (w/v)sucralose.

About 0.1% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.1% to about 1.0%(w/v) decongestant selected from the group consisting of pseudoephedrineand phenylephrine; and about 0.1% (w/v) sucralose.

About 0.1% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.1% to about 1.0%(w/v) decongestant selected from the group consisting of pseudoephedrineand phenylephrine; and about 0.15% (w/v) sucralose.

About 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.1% to about 1.0%(w/v) decongestant selected from the group consisting of pseudoephedrineand phenylephrine; and about 0.1% (w/v) sucralose.

About 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.1% to about 1.0%(w/v) decongestant selected from the group consisting of pseudoephedrineand phenylephrine; and about 0.15% (w/v) sucralose.

About 0.05% to about 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; and about0.1% to about 10.0% (w/v) NSAID selected from the group consisting ofibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenac and naproxen.

About 0.05% to about 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.1% toabout 10.0% (w/v) NSAID selected from the group consisting of ibuprofen,diclofenac, aceclofenac and naproxen; and about 0.1% to about 0.15%(w/v) sucralose.

About 0.1% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.1% to about 10.0%(w/v) NSAID selected from the group consisting of ibuprofen, diclofenac,aceclofenac and naproxen; and about 0.1% (w/v) sucralose.

About 0.1% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.1% to about 10.0%(w/v) NSAID selected from the group consisting of ibuprofen, diclofenac,aceclofenac and naproxen; and about 0.15% (w/v) sucralose.

About 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.1% to about 10.0%(w/v) NSAID selected from the group consisting of ibuprofen, diclofenac,aceclofenac and naproxen; and about 0.1% (w/v) sucralose.

About 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.1% to about 10.0%(w/v) NSAID selected from the group consisting of ibuprofen, diclofenac,aceclofenac and naproxen; and about 0.15% (w/v) sucralose.

About 0.05% to about 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.01%to about 1.0% (w/v) steroid selected from the group consisting offluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide,and triamcinolone; and about 0.1% to about 1.0% (w/v) decongestantselected from the group consisting of pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine.

About 0.05% to about 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.01%to about 1.0% (w/v) steroid selected from the group consisting offluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide,and triamcinolone; about 0.1% to about 1.0% (w/v) decongestant selectedfrom the group consisting of pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine; andabout 0.1% to about 0.15% (w/v) sucralose.

About 0.1% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.01% to about 1.0%(w/v) steroid selected from the group consisting of fluticasone,mometasone, dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, andtriamcinolone; about 0.1% to about 1.0% (w/v) decongestant selected fromthe group consisting of pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine; and about0.1% (w/v) sucralose.

About 0.1% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.01% to about 1.0%(w/v) steroid selected from the group consisting of fluticasone,mometasone, dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, andtriamcinolone; about 0.1% to about 1.0% (w/v) decongestant selected fromthe group consisting of pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine; and about0.15% (w/v) sucralose.

About 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.01% to about 1.0%(w/v) steroid selected from the group consisting of fluticasone,mometasone, dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, andtriamcinolone; about 0.1% to about 1.0% (w/v) decongestant selected fromthe group consisting of pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine; and about0.1% (w/v) sucralose.

About 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.01% to about 1.0%(w/v) steroid selected from the group consisting of fluticasone,mometasone, dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, andtriamcinolone; about 0.1% to about 1.0% (w/v) decongestant selected fromthe group consisting of pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine; and about0.15% (w/v) sucralose.

About 0.05% to about 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.01%to about 1.0% (w/v) steroid selected from the group consisting offluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide,and triamcinolone; and about 0.1% to about 5.0% (w/v) montelukast.

About 0.05% to about 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.01%to about 1.0% (w/v) steroid selected from the group consisting offluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide,and triamcinolone; about 0.1% to about 5.0% (w/v) montelukast; and about0.1% to about 0.15% (w/v) sucralose.

About 0.1% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.01% to about 1.0%(w/v) steroid selected from the group consisting of fluticasone,mometasone, dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, andtriamcinolone; about 0.1% to about 5.0% (w/v) montelukast; and about0.1% (w/v) sucralose.

About 0.1% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.01% to about 1.0%(w/v) steroid selected from the group consisting of fluticasone,mometasone, dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, andtriamcinolone; about 0.1% to about 5.0% (w/v) montelukast; and about0.15% (w/v) sucralose.

About 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.01% to about 1.0%(w/v) steroid selected from the group consisting of fluticasone,mometasone, dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, andtriamcinolone; about 0.1% to about 5.0% (w/v) montelukast; and about0.1% (w/v) sucralose.

About 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.1% to about 1.0%(w/v) steroid selected from the group consisting of fluticasone,mometasone, dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, andtriamcinolone; about 0.1% to about 5.0% (w/v) montelukast; and about0.15% (w/v) sucralose.

About 0.05% to about 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.01%to about 1% (w/v) steroid selected from the group consisting offluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide,and triamcinolone; about 0.001% to about 5.00% (w/v) of a water-solublepolymer; about 0.01% to about 2% of a suspending agent; about 0.01% toabout 0.2% of a wetting agent; about 0.01% to about 0.1% (w/v) disodiumedetate; about 0.001% to about 0.5% (w/v) of a preservative such asbenzalkonium chloride and/or phenethyl alcohol; about 0.1% to about0.15% sucralose; a sufficient amount of a pharmaceutically acceptablebuffer to maintain the pH of the composition within a range of fromabout 4.5 to about 7.4; a sufficient amount of an isotonicity agent toyield an osmolality of about 220 mosmol/kg to about 350 msomol/kg; andQS water.

About 0.05% to about 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.1% toabout 5% (w/v) montelukast; about 0.001% to about 5.00% (w/v) of awater-soluble polymer; about 0.01% to about 0.1% (w/v) disodium edetate;about 0.001% to about 0.5% (w/v) benzalkonium chloride; about 0.1% toabout 0.15% sucralose; a sufficient amount of a pharmaceuticallyacceptable buffer to maintain the pH of the composition within a rangeof from about 4.5 to about 7.4; a sufficient amount of an isotonicityagent to yield an osmolality of about 220 mosmol/kg to about 350msomol/kg; and QS water.

About 0.05% to about 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.1% toabout 1% (w/v) decongestant selected from the group consisting ofpseudoephedrine and phenylephrine; about 0.001% to about 5.00% (w/v) ofa water-soluble polymer; about 0.01% to about 0.1% (w/v) disodiumedetate; about 0.001% to about 0.5% (w/v) benzalkonium chloride; about0.1% to about 0.15% sucralose; a sufficient amount of a pharmaceuticallyacceptable buffer to maintain the pH of the composition within a rangeof from about 4.5 to about 7.4; a sufficient amount of an isotonicityagent to yield an osmolality of about 220 mosmol/kg to about 350msomol/kg; and QS water.

About 0.05% to about 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.1% toabout 10% (w/v) NSAID selected from the group consisting of ibuprofen,diclofenac, aceclofenac and naproxen; about 0.001% to about 5.00% (w/v)of a water-soluble polymer; about 0.01% to about 0.1% (w/v) disodiumedetate; about 0.001% to about 0.5% (w/v) benzalkonium chloride; about0.1% to about 0.15% sucralose; a sufficient amount of a pharmaceuticallyacceptable buffer to maintain the pH of the composition within a rangeof from about 4.5 to about 7.4; a sufficient amount of an isotonicityagent to yield an osmolality of about 220 mosmol/kg to about 350msomol/kg; and QS water.

About 0.05% to about 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.01%to about 1% (w/v) steroid selected from the group consisting offluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonideand triamcinolone; about 0.1% to about 1% (w/v) decongestant selectedfrom the group consisting of pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine; about0.001% to about 5.00% (w/v) of a water-soluble polymer; about 0.01% toabout 2% of a suspending agent; about 0.01% to about 0.2% of a wettingagent; about 0.01% to about 0.1% (w/v) disodium edetate; about 0.001% toabout 0.5% (w/v) of a preservative such as benzalkonium chloride and/orphenylethyl alcohol; about 0.1% to about 0.15% sucralose; a sufficientamount of a pharmaceutically acceptable buffer to maintain the pH of thecomposition within a range of from about 4.5 to about 7.4; a sufficientamount of an isotonicity agent to yield an osmolality of about 220mosmol/kg to about 350 msomol/kg; and QS water.

About 0.05% to about 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.01%to about 1% (w/v) steroid selected from the group consisting offluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonideand triamcinolone; about 0.1% to about 1% (w/v) montelukast; about0.001% to about 5.00% (w/v) of a water-soluble polymer; about 0.01% toabout 2% of a suspending agent; about 0.01% to about 0.2% of a wettingagent; about 0.01% to about 0.1% (w/v) disodium edetate; about 0.001% toabout 0.5% (w/v) of a preservative such as benzalkonium chloride and/orphenylethyl alcohol; about 0.1% to about 0.15% sucralose; a sufficientamount of a pharmaceutically acceptable buffer to maintain the pH of thecomposition within a range of from about 4.5 to about 7.4; a sufficientamount of an isotonicity agent to yield an osmolality of about 220mosmol/kg to about 350 msomol/kg; and QS water.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides methods oftreating or preventing a physical disorder in an animal suffering fromor predisposed thereto, comprising administering to said animal aneffective amount of any one of the pharmaceutical compositions describedherein. Suitably the animal is a human, and the physical disorder isselected from the group consisting of allergic rhinitis, non-allergicvasomotor rhinitis and allergic conjunctivitis.

Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from thefollowing detailed description, and from the claims. The disclosedmaterials, methods, and examples are for illustrative purposes only andare not intended to be limiting. Skilled artisans will appreciate thatmethods and materials similar or equivalent to those described hereincan be used to practice the invention.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used hereinhave the meaning commonly understood by one skilled in the art to whichthis invention belongs. All publications, patent applications, patents,and other references mentioned herein are incorporated by reference intheir entirety. In case of conflict, the present specification,including definitions, will control.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Overview

As used herein when referring to any numerical value, the term “about”means a value falling within a range that is ±10% of the stated value.For example, “about 50° C.” encompasses a range of temperatures from 45°C. to 55° C., inclusive; similarly, “about 100 mM” encompasses a rangeof concentrations from 90 mM to 110 mM, inclusive.

As used herein, the articles “a,” “an” and “one” mean “at least one” or“one or more” of the object to which they refer, unless otherwisespecified or made clear by the context in which they appear herein.

The present invention provides compositions, particularly pharmaceuticalcompositions, comprising azelastine and/or one or more of itspharmacologically acceptable salts or esters thereof, particularlyazelastine hydrochloride. Preferred such compositions of the inventioncomprise azelastine hydrochloride as the active ingredient, and mayfurther comprise one or more additional components, such as one or moresolvents, one or more preservatives, one or more stabilizers, one ormore buffers or buffering agents, one or more bioadhesives, one or moresuspending agents (e.g., microcrystalline cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hypromellose carbopol and the like), one or moresurfactants or wetting agents and/or one or more isotonicity agents. Toreduce or eliminate the bitter taste associated with azelastine (or asalt or ester thereof, such as azelastine hydrochloride), thecompositions of the present invention further comprise one or morestable taste-masking, flavoring, or sweetening agents, or a combinationof such agents. To reduce the post-nasal drip of the compositions of thepresent invention for intranasal or ocular administration, thecompositions of the present invention may further comprise one or morestable viscosity-increasing agents, one or more stable bioadhesiveagents, and/or a combination of viscosity-increasing agents andbioadhesive agents. In other embodiments, the pharmaceuticalcompositions can comprise one or more additional active agents, such asthose described herein, in addition to azelastine, including, but notlimited to, additional antihistamines (including H₁, H₃ and H₄ receptorantagonists), steroids (e.g., safe steroids), leukotriene antagonists,prostaglandin D2 receptor antagonists, decongestants, anti-fungalagents, triamcinolone and triamcinolone derivatives, non-steroidalimmunophilin-dependent immunosuppressants (NSIDIs), anti-inflammatoryagents, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs), COX-2inhibitors, anti-infective agents, mucolytic agents, anticholinergicagents, mast cell stabilizers, non-antibiotic anti-microbial agents,anti-viral agents, antiseptics, neurokinin antagonists, plateletactivating factor (PAF) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) inhibitors.

In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical compositions comprise one ormore pharmaceutically carriers or excipients, particularly one or moresuch carriers or excipients that are useful in formulating thecomposition into a form suitable for delivery intranasally via aerosolor spray approaches, or for delivery ocularly via drops. In relatedembodiments, the invention provides such pharmaceutical compositions inwhich at least one of the carriers or excipients is a taste-maskingagent, such as sucralose, and other compositions in which at least oneof the carriers or excipients is a viscosity-increasing agent, such ashypromellose. In certain preferred embodiments, the pharmaceuticalcompositions provided by the invention comprise at least onetaste-masking agent such as sucralose, and at least oneviscosity-increasing agent such as hypromellose. The compositions of theinvention are particularly useful in treating the symptoms associatedwith a variety of conditions such as allergic rhinitis (seasonal and/ornonseasonal), non-allergic rhinitis, vasomotor rhinitis, allergicconjunctivitis and the like.

Compositions and Modes of Administration

In certain embodiments, the invention provides compositions,particularly pharmaceutical compositions, comprising (or consistingessentially of) a therapeutically or pharmacologically effective amountof azelastine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof andone or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients.Particularly preferred for use in the compositions of the invention isazelastine hydrochloride (see U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,813,384, 4,704,387 and5,164,194, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by referencein their entireties). By “pharmaceutically acceptable carrier orexcipient” is meant a non-toxic solid, semisolid or liquid filler,diluent, encapsulating material or formulation auxiliary of any type.

The compositions of the present invention can be administered to apatient via any suitable mode of administration, including oral,intranasal, ocular, buccal, sublingual, pulmonary or the like. Incertain embodiments, the compositions are administered directly to thenasal mucosa (i.e., intranasally, e.g., in the form of a nasal spray ordrops) or to the conjunctival sac of the eye (i.e., ocularly, e.g., inthe form of ocular drops). In alternative embodiments, the compositionsare administered topically to the buccal or sublingual cavity orintrapulmonarily. Regardless of their mode of administration, thecompositions provided by the present invention suitably comprise fromabout 0.0001% to about 1.0%, and more suitably from about 0.005% toabout 0.5% or most suitably from about 0.05% to about 0.15% (e.g., about0.05%, about 0.06%, about 0.07%, about 0.08%, about 0.09%, about 0.10%,about 0.11%, about 0.12%, about 0.13%, about 0.14% or about 0.15%), ofpure azelastine salt based on weight (calculated as the free azelastinebase) as the active ingredient. The percentage of azelastine in a givencomposition of the invention is calculated as a percentage of the weightof the composition for solid dosage forms (i.e., weight/weight) or as apercentage of the volume of the composition for solution or liquiddosage forms (i.e., weight/volume). The amount of a given salt form ofazelastine (e.g., azelastine hydrochloride) to be included in a givencomposition of the invention is calculated so that the compositioncontains the amount of pure azelastine noted above. In certaincompositions of the invention, e.g., nasal spray formulations, asolution formulated at a higher concentration of azelastine (or saltthereof) can be delivered at a smaller volume to provide a given dosageof azelastine (or salt thereof), thus minimizing the possibility ofpostnasal drip of the solution into the pharynx which leads to anunpleasant taste sensation by the person to whom theazelastine-containing nasal spray is administered.

In certain embodiments, the compositions of the invention may beformulated into forms for oral administration, including solid dosageforms or liquid dosage forms. In alternative embodiments, thecompositions of the invention may be formulated into forms for directadministration to the mucosa, including the nasal mucosa (i.e.,intranasal administration), ocular tissue or conjunctival sac (i.e.,ocular administration), buccal mucosa (i.e., buccal administration) ororal mucosa under the tongue (i.e., sublingual administration).

Solid dosage forms for oral administration include capsules, tablets,pills, powders, particles and granules. In such solid dosage forms, theactive azelastine compound(s) are mixed with at least onepharmaceutically acceptable excipient or carrier such as (a) fillers orextenders such as starches, lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol,dicalcium phosphate and microcrystalline cellulose; (b) binders such assodium carboxymethylcellulose, alginates, gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidone,and acacia; (c) disintegrating agents such as agar-agar, calciumcarbonate, potato or tapioca starch, alginic acid, certain silicates,sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, pregelatinized starch and sodium starchglycolate; (d) lubricants such as calcium stearate, magnesium stearate,stearic acid, solid polyethylene glycols, sodium lauryl sulfate, andmixtures thereof; and/or (e) glidants such as talc, silicon dioxide andstarch. In the case of capsules, tablets and pills, the dosage form mayalso comprise buffering agents. Solid compositions of a similar type mayalso be employed as fillers in soft and hard filled gelatin capsulesusing such excipients as lactose or milk sugar as well as high molecularweight polyethylene glycols, oils and the like. The solid dosage formsof tablets, dragees, capsules, pills, and granules can be prepared withcoatings, which may in themselves provide taste-masking, and shells suchas enteric coatings and other coatings that are well known in thepharmaceutical formulating art. The solid dosage forms also mayoptionally contain opacifying, coloring and/or flavoring agents, and canalso be formulated such that they release the active azelastineingredient(s) only, or preferentially, in a certain part of theintestinal tract, optionally in a delayed manner (see U.S. Pat. No.5,271,946, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by referencein its entirety). Examples of embedding compositions which can be usedinclude polymeric substances and waxes. The active compounds can also bein micro-encapsulated form, if appropriate, with one or more of theabove-mentioned excipients.

Liquid dosage forms for nasal, ocular or oral administration includepharmaceutically acceptable emulsions, solutions, suspensions, syrupsand elixirs. In addition to the active azelastine compound(s), theliquid dosage forms may contain inert diluents and/or solvents commonlyused in the art. Water is the solvent of choice for the formulations ofthe invention; however, combinations of water with other physiologicallyacceptable solvents as required are also satisfactory for use. Othersolvents, solubilizing agents and emulsifiers suitable for use in placeof, or in addition to, water include but are not limited to saturatedaliphatic mono- and polyvalent alcohols which contain 2-6 carbon atoms(including, but not limited to, ethanol, 1,2-propylene glycol, sorbitol,and glycerine), polyglycols such as polyethylene glycols, andsurfactants/emulsifiers like the fatty acid esters of sorbitan, andmixtures thereof. Oils, in particular, cottonseed, peanut, or corn oils,may also be added to the compositions. The combination of the additionalsolvents in the aqueous solution should preferably not exceed about 15%(w/v) of the total composition. Besides inert diluents, the oralcompositions can also include adjuvants such as wetting agents,emulsifying and suspending agents (e.g., microcrystalline cellulose,sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hypromellose, carbopol and the like),surfactants, sweetening, flavoring, and perfuming agents, includingthose described in further detail herein below. Liquid dosage forms thatprovide the active ingredient in suspension may comprise, in addition tothe active azelastine compound(s), one or more suspending agents such asmicrocrystalline cellulose, magnesium aluminum silicate, bentonite,agar-agar, hypromellose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose,carbopol/carbomer, pectin, acacia, tragacanth or their mixtures.

Certain liquid compositions of the invention may further comprise one ormore preservatives and/or one or more stabilizers. Preservatives thatare suitable for use in the compositions of the invention include, butare not limited to, edetic acid and their alkali salts such as disodiumEDTA (also referred to as “disodium edetate” or “the disodium salt ofedetic acid”) and calcium EDTA (also referred to as “calcium edetate”),benzyl alcohol, methylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben,chlorobutanol, phenylethyl alcohol, benzalkonium chloride, thimerosal,propylene glycol, sorbic acid, and benzoic acid derivatives. Thepreservatives should be used at a concentration of from about 0.001% toabout 0.5% (w/v) in the final composition. The combination ofbenzalkonium chloride, used at a concentration of from about 0.001% toabout 0.5% or preferably from about 0.005% to about 0.1% (w/v), andedetic acid (as a disodium salt), used at a concentration of from about0.005% to about 0.1% (w/v), are the preferred preservative/stabilizercombination used in the compositions of the present invention.

Certain compositions of the invention may further comprise one or moresolubility-enhancing agents that are used to improve the solubility ofthe azelastine compound used as an active ingredient.Solubility-enhancing agents that are suitable for use in thecompositions of the invention include, but are not limited to,polyvinylpyrrolidone (preferably grades 25, 30, 60, or 90), poloxamer,polysorbate 80, sorbitan monooleate 80, and polyethylene glycols(molecular weights of 200 to 600).

Certain compositions of the invention may further comprise one or moreagents that are used to render the composition isotonic, particularly inthose compositions in which water is used as a solvent. Such agents areparticularly useful in compositions formulated for nasal or ocularapplication, since they adjust the osmotic pressure of the formulationsto the same osmotic pressure as nasal or ocular secretions. Agents thatare suitable for such a use in the compositions of the inventioninclude, but are not limited to, sodium chloride, sorbitol, propyleneglycol, dextrose, sucrose, and glycerine, and other isotonicity agentsthat are known in the art (see, e.g., Reich et al., “Chapter 18:Tonicity, Osmoticity, Osmolality and Osmolarity,” in: Remington: TheScience and Practice of Pharmacy, 20^(th) Edition, Lippincott Williamsand Wilkins, Philadelphia, Pa. (2000)).

It is desirable that the compositions of the present invention that areto be administered in liquid form (including intranasally, orally orocularly applied formulations) have a pH of about 4.5 to about 7.4, andpreferably have a pH of about 5.5 to 7.1, for physiological reasons.Accordingly, in additional embodiments, the compositions of theinvention may further comprise one or more buffering agents orcombinations thereof, that are used to adjust and/or maintain thecompositions into the desired pH range. Adjustment of pH or bufferingagents that are suitable for use in the compositions of the inventioninclude, but are not limited to, citric acid, sodium citrate, sodiumphosphate (dibasic, heptahydrate form), and boric acid or equivalentconventional buffers, or combinations thereof. The appropriate amountsof buffers and buffering agents, or combinations thereof, that are to beused in the compositions of the invention are readily determined bythose of ordinary skill without undue experimentation, particularly inview of the guidance contained herein and in standard formularies suchas the United States Pharmacopoeia, Remington: The Science and Practiceof Pharmacy, and the like, the disclosures of which are incorporatedherein by reference in their entireties.

As noted above, azelastine salts, particularly azelastine hydrochloride,have a strong bitter taste when the compounds or compositions comprisingthem are administered intranasally, ocularly, or orally. Thus, incertain embodiments, the liquid formulations of the invention,particularly those that are to be administered intranasally, ocularly,or orally, preferably further comprise one or more taste-masking agents,one or more flavoring agents, and/or one or more sweetening agents, or acombination of such agents. Non-limiting examples of such substancesinclude sucralose (about 0.001 to about 1%), sucrose (about 0.5 to about10%), saccharin (including the salt forms: sodium, calcium, etc.) (about0.01 to about 2%), fructose (about 0.5 to about 10%), dextrose (about0.5 to about 10%), corn syrup (about 0.5 to about 10%), aspartame (about0.01 to about 2%), acesulfame-K (about 0.01 to about 2%), xylitol (about0.1 to about 10%), sorbitol (about 0.1 to about 10%), erythritol (about0.1 to about 10%), ammonium glycyrrhizinate (about 0.01 to about 4%),thaumatin (Talin™) (about 0.01 to about 2%), neotame (about 0.01 toabout 2%) mannitol (about 0.5 to about 5%), menthol (about 0.01 to about0.5%), eucalyptus oil (about 0.01 to about 0.5%), camphor (about 0.01 toabout 0.5%), natural and/or artificial flavors such as ArtificialCustard Cream Flavor #36184 from International Flavors and Fragrances,Inc. (New York, N.Y.) (about 0.01 to about 1.0%), and the like.Sucralose, an intense sweetener marketed for food and beverage use asSPLENDA® by McNeil Nutritionals LLP (Fort Washington, Pa.), isespecially effective as a sweetening and taste-masking agent in thecompositions of the present invention, particularly when used atconcentrations of from about 0.001% to about 1%, preferably atconcentrations of from about 0.01% to about 0.5%, and more preferably atconcentrations of from about 0.02% to about 0.2%, and most preferablyfrom about 0.05% to about 0.15% (e.g., about 0.05%, about 0.06%, about0.07%, about 0.08%, about 0.09%, about 0.10%, about 0.11%, about 0.12%,about 0.13%, about 0.14%, or about 0.15%), of the total composition.Sucralose has been shown to be useful as a taste modifying agent in oraldelivery of certain pharmaceutical compositions, for example in sorethroat spray products (see U.S. Pat. No. 6,319,513), oral suspensions(see U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,658,919 and 5,621,005), solid dosage forms (seeU.S. Pat. No. 6,149,941), quick melt dosage forms (see U.S. Pat. No.6,165,512) and mucosal delivery (see U.S. Pat. No. 6,552,024), but hasnot heretofore been shown to be useful in intranasally or ocularlyapplied compositions such as those of the present invention. Additionalsuch compositions of the invention may comprise one or more additionaltaste-masking or flavoring agents such as those described herein, forexample menthol at a concentration of from about 0.01% to about 1%,preferably at a concentration of from about 0.05% to about 0.1%.Suitable compositions of the invention include, for example, about0.1%-0.15% azelastine and about 0.05%-0.15% sucralose, for example,about 0.1% azelastine and about 0.05%-0.15% sucralose, or about0.125%-0.15% azelastine and about 0.05%-0.15% sucralose, or about 0.10%azelastine and about 0.15% sucralose, or about 0.15% azelastine andabout 0.15% sucralose.

As noted above, intranasal or ocular application ofazelastine-containing compositions, particularly those containingazelastine hydrochloride, is often complicated by the postnasal drip ofthe composition into the pharynx following intranasal or ocularadministration. Such postnasal drip can induce a very bitter andunpleasant taste experience by the patient. Thus, to avoid, reduce orminimize such issues arising from postnasal drip, certain compositionsof the present invention may alternatively or further comprise one ormore water-soluble viscosity-increasing agents. Such agents arepreferably used at the concentration of about 0.01% to about 5.0% (w/v),in order to typically produce a viscosity of the final solution betweenabout 2 and about 300 centipoise. Use of such viscosity-increasingagents extends the mucocilliary clearance time, increases retention inthe nasal cavity, and reduces post nasal drip, of intranasally appliedcompositions (see U.S. Pat. No. 5,897,858, the disclosure of which isincorporated herein by reference in its entirety) such as those of thepresent invention. Viscosity-increasing agents that are suitable for usein accordance with the present invention include, but are not limitedto, polyvinylpyrrolidones, cellulose derivatives including, but notlimited to, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose or itssalts, hypromellose, carrageenan, guar gum, alginates, carbomers,polyethylene glycols, polyvinyl alcohol, and xanthan gum. Particularlypreferred is hypromellose, at a concentration of about 0.001% to about5.00%, preferably at a concentration of about 0.01% to about 1%, morepreferably at a concentration of about 0.1% to about 0.5%, and mostpreferably at a concentration of about 0.1% to about 0.3%.

The compositions of the present invention that are provided in solutionform may be preserved, aseptically manufactured and/or sterilized, forexample, by filtration through a bacterial-retaining filter.

Compositions Comprising Additional Active Agents

In addition to azelastine (e.g., azelastine HCl) and the variousexcipients, taste masking agents, viscosity-increasing agents and thelike disclosed herein, the pharmaceutical compositions of the inventioncan further comprise (or consist essentially of) one or more additionalactive agents, such as those disclosed throughout U.S. PatentPublication No. 2005/0148562, the disclosure of which is hereinincorporated by reference in its entirety. Exemplary additional activeagents include, but are not limited to, additional antihistamines(including H₁, H₃ and H₄ receptor antagonists), steroids (e.g., safesteroids), leukotriene antagonists, prostaglandin D2 receptorantagonists, decongestants, expectorants, anti-fungal agents,triamcinolone and triamcinolone derivatives, non-steroidalimmunophilin-dependent immunosuppressants (NsIDIs), anti-inflammatoryagents, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs), COX-2inhibitors, anti-infective agents, mucolytic agents, anticholinergicagents, mast cell stabilizers, non-antibiotic anti-microbial agents,anti-viral agents, antiseptics, neurokinin antagonists, plateletactivating factor (PAF) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) inhibitors.

Examples of antihistamines in addition to azelastine (e.g., H₁ receptorantagonists) suitable for inclusion in the present compositions include,but are not limited to, acrivastine, cyclizine, carebastine,cyproheptadine, carbinoxamine, doxylamine, dimethindene, ebastine,epinastine, efletirizine, ketotifen, levocabastine, mizolastine,mequitazine, mianserin, noberastine, meclizine, norastemizole,olopatadine, picumast, tripelenamine, temelastine, trimeprazine,triprolidine, bromopheniramine, chlorpheniramine, dexchlorpheniramine,triprolidine, clemastine, diphenhydramine, diphenylpyraline,tripelennamine, hydroxyzine, methdilazine, promethazine, trimeprazine,azatadine, cyproheptadine, antazoline, pheniramine, pyrilamine,astemizole, terfenadine, loratadine, cetirizine, levocetirizine,fexofenadine, descarboethoxyloratadine, desloratadine, dimenhydrinateand hydroxyzine.

Examples of H₃ receptor antagonists suitable for inclusion in thepresent compositions include, but are not limited to, thioperamide,impromidine, burimamide, clobenpropit, impentamine, mifetidine,clozapine, S-sopromidine, R-sopromidine and ciproxifam.

Examples of leukotriene antagonists (e.g., leukotriene D4 antagonists)suitable for inclusion in the present compositions include, but are notlimited to, albuterol sulfate, aminophylline, amoxicillin, ampicillin,astemizole, attenuated tubercle bacillus, azithromycin, bacampicillin,beclomethasone dipropionate, budesonide, bupropion hydrochloride,cefaclor, cefadroxil, cefixime, cefprozil, cefuroxime axetil,cephalexin, ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, clarithromycin, clindamycin,cloxacillin, doxycycline, erythromycin, ethambutol, fenoterolhydrobromide, fluconazole, flunisolide, fluticasone propionate,formoterol fumarate, gatifloxacin, influenza virus vaccine, ipratropiumbromide, isoniazid, isoproterenol hydrochloride, itraconazole,ketoconazole, ketotifen, levofloxacin, minocycline, montelukast (e.g.,montelukast sodium), moxifloxacin, nedocromil sodium, nicotine,nystatin, ofloxacin, orciprenaline, oseltamivir, oseltamivir sulfate,oxtriphylline, penicillin, pirbuterol acetate, pivampicillin,pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine,prednisone, pyrazinamide, rifampin, salbutamol, salmeterol xinafoate,sodium cromoglycate (cromolyn sodium), terbutaline sulfate, terfenadine,theophylline, triamcinolone acetonide, zafirlukast and zanamivir.

Examples of decongestants suitable for inclusion in the presentcompositions include, but are not limited to, pseudoephedrine,phenylephedrine, phenylephrine, phenylpropanolamine, oxymetazoline,propylhexedrine, xylometazoline, epinephrine, ephedrine,desoxyephedrine, naphazoline, and tetrahydrozoline.

Examples of expectorants suitable for inclusion in the presentcompositions include, but are not limited to, guaifenesin, codeinephosphate, and isoproternol hydrochloride.

Examples of anti-fungal agents suitable for inclusion in the presentcompositions include, but are not limited to, amphotericin B, nystatin,fluconazole, ketoconazole, terbinafine, itraconazole, imidazole,triazole, ciclopirox, clotrimazole, and miconazole.

Examples of NSAIDs suitable for inclusion in the present compositionsinclude, but are not limited to, ibuprofen, aceclofenac, diclofenac,naproxen, etodolac, flurbiprofen, fenoprofen, ketoprofen, suprofen,fenbufen, fluprofen, tolmetin sodium, oxaprozin, zomepirac, sulindac,indomethacin, piroxicam, mefenamic acid, nabumetone, meclofenamatesodium, diflunisal, flufenisal, piroxicam, ketorolac, sudoxicam andisoxicam.

By “non-steroidal immunophilin-dependent immunosuppressant” or “NsIDI”is meant any non-steroidal agent that decreases proinflammatory cytokineproduction or secretion, binds an immunophilin, or causes a downregulation of the proinflammatory reaction. NsIDIs suitable forinclusion in the present compositions include, but are not limited to,calcineurin inhibitors, such as cyclosporine, tacrolimus, ascomycin,pimecrolimus, as well as other agents (peptides, peptide fragments,chemically modified peptides, or peptide mimetics) that inhibit thephosphatase activity of calcineurin. NsIDIs also include rapamycin(sirolimus) and everolimus, which bind to an FK506-binding protein,FKBP-12, and block antigen-induced proliferation of white blood cellsand cytokine secretion.

Examples of COX-2 inhibitors suitable for inclusion in the presentcompositions include, but are not limited to, rofecoxib, celecoxib,valdecoxib, lumiracoxib, meloxicam, and nimesulide.

Examples of steroids suitable for inclusion in the present compositionsinclude but are not limited to, fluoromethalone, fluticasone,mometasone, triamcinolone, betamethasone, flunisolide, budesonide,beclomethasone, budesonide, rimexolone, beloxil, prednisone,loteprednol, dexamethasone and its analogues (e.g., dexamethasonebeloxil) described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,223,493 and 5,420,120,incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

Examples of anti-infective agents suitable for inclusion in the presentcompositions include, but are not limited to, penicillins and other betalactam antibiotics, cephalosporins, macrolides, ketolides, sulfonamides,quinolones, aminoglycosides, and linezolid.

Examples of non-antibiotic antimicrobials suitable for inclusion in thepresent compositions include, but are not limited to, taurolidine.

Examples of mast cell stabilizers suitable for inclusion in the presentcompositions include, but are not limited to, cromolyn and nedcromilsodium.

Examples of mucolytic agents suitable for inclusion in the presentcompositions include, but are not limited to, acetylcysteine and dornasealpha.

Examples of antibiotic agents suitable for inclusion in the presentcompositions include, but are not limited to, cefuroxime, vancomycin,amoxicillin and gentamicin.

Examples of antiseptics suitable for inclusion in the presentcompositions include, but are not limited to, iodine, chlorhexidineacetate, sodium hypochlorite, and calcium hydroxide.

Examples of anticholinergics suitable for inclusion in the presentcompositions include, but are not limited to, ipratropium, atropine, andscopolamine.

Examples of neurokinin antagonists suitable for inclusion in the presentcompositions include, but are not limited to, oximes, hydrazones,piperidines, piperazines, aryl alkyl amines, hydrazones, nitroalkanes,amides, isoxazolines, quinolines, isoquinolines, azanorbornanes,naphthyridines, and benzodiazepines, such as those disclosed in U.S.Pat. Nos. 5,798,359; 5,795,894; 5,789,422; 5,783,579; 5,719,156;5,696,267; 5,691,362; 5,688,960; 5,654,316, incorporated by referenceherein in their entireties.

Examples of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) inhibitors suitable for inclusion inthe present compositions include, but are not limited to, zileuton,docebenone, piripost and tenidap.

The concentrations, absolute amounts and relative amounts (i.e.,relative to the concentration or absolute amount of azelastine or a saltthereof, e.g. azelastine HCl) of the additional one or more activeagents will be familiar to one of ordinary skill in the art. Forexample, the amounts of additional active agents (e.g., one or moresteroid(s), leukotriene antagonist(s), anithistaminte(s),decongestant(s), NSAIDs, etc), can be present in any amount, for exampleabout 0.01% to about 99% (e.g., about 0.01%, about 0.1%, about 1%, about10%, about 20%, about 30%, about 40%, about 50%, about 60%, about 70%,about 80%, or about 90%).

In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions comprise (orconsisting essentially of) an effective amount of azelastine (suitablyazelastine hydrochloride) along with an effective amount of one or moresteroids. Exemplary steroids include those discussed above. In certainsuitable embodiments, the compositions further comprise one or moreadditional ingredients, such as one or more excipients, one or moretaste-masking agents and/or one or more viscosity-increasing agents.Such compositions can be formulated as intranasal or ocular suspensionsor solutions, with a pH of about 6.0 to 8.0. In other embodiments, thecompositions can be formulated as oral (e.g., tablets or capsules) ortopical delivery formulations, such as those disclosed throughout. Whilethe amount of azelastine can be varied and adjusted appropriately by theordinarily skilled artisan, it is suitably contained in the intranasalor ocular formulations in an amount of about 0.0001% to about 1.0% byweight, and more suitably from about 0.005% to about 0.5% or mostsuitably from about 0.05% to about 0.15% (e.g., 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.07%,0.08%, 0.09%. 0.10%, 0.11%, 0.12%, 0.13%, 0.14%, 0.15%), of pureazelastine (calculated as the free azelastine base). The amount ofsteroid(s) present in the various formulations can be varied andadjusted appropriately by the ordinarily skilled artisan, and can bepresent in any amount, for example about 0.01% to about 99% (e.g., about0.01%, about 0.1%, about 1%, about 10%, about 20%, about 30%, about 40%,about 50%, about 60%, about 70%, about 80%, or about 90%). Suitably theamount of steroid is about 0.01% to about 1.5% by weight, more suitablyabout 0.01% to about 1.0% by weight, or even more suitably about 0.05%to about 0.1% by weight (e.g., about 0.01%, about 0.02%, about 0.03%,about 0.04%, about 0.05%, about 0.06%, about 0.07%, about 0.08%, about0.09%, or about 0.1% by weight). Preferred steroids for use in theformulations of the present invention are “safe steroids.” As usedherein, the term “safe steroid” means a steroid which treats eosinophiland neurotrophil associated inflammation, reduces papillae formation,and which is effective in treating inflammation, without causing aclinically significant elevation in intraocular pressure (IOP).Exemplary safe steroids that can be used in the various formulations ofthe present invention, particularly for delivery using nasal spray orocular drop delivery systems include, but are not limited to, anyglucocorticoid which meets the safe steroid definition, including butnot limited to, fluoromethalone, fluticasone (and its conjugates, e.g.,fluticasone propionate), rimexolone, loteprednol, dexamethasone beloxiland its analogues described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,223,493 and 5,420,120,the disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein in theirentireties. Additional “safe steroids” and methods for determiningappropriate amounts of such agents for inclusion in the presentcompositions are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,649,602, the disclosure ofwhich is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. Exemplarycompositions of the present invention comprising azelastine and a safesteroid comprise about 0.1%-0.15% azelastine, about 0.01%-0.1% of a safesteroid, and optionally about 0.05%-0.15% sucralose.

In another embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions comprise (orconsist essentially of) an effective amount of azelastine (suitablyazelastine hydrochloride) along with an effective amount of one or moresteroids, and also an effective amount of one or more decongestants. Insuitable such embodiments, the compositions further comprise one or moreadditional ingredients, such as one or more excipients, one or moretaste-masking agents and/or one or more viscosity-increasing agents.Such compositions can be formulated as intranasal or ocular suspensionsor solutions, with a pH of about 6.0 to 8.0. In other embodiments, thecompositions can be formulated as oral or topical delivery formulations,such as those disclosed throughout. The appropriate amounts ofazelastine, steroid and decongestant can be readily determined by thoseor ordinary skill in the art. Suitably, the amount of steroid andazelastine used will be in the ranges disclosed herein. The amount ofdecongestant can be present in any amount, for example about 0.01% toabout 99% (e.g., about 0.01%, about 0.1%, about 1%, about 10%, about20%, about 30%, about 40%, about 50%, about 60%, about 70%, about 80%,or about 90%). Suitably the amount of decongestant is about 0.05% toabout 1.5% by weight, or more suitably in an amount of about 0.1% toabout 1.0% by weight. In addition, the compositions can also comprisesucralose at about 0.05%-0.15%.

In an additional embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions comprise(or consist essentially of) an effective amount of azelastine (suitablyazelastine hydrochloride) along with an effective amount of one or moreadditional anti-allergic and/or one or more anti-asthmatic agents.Exemplary anti-allergies and anti-asthmatics include those discussedherein, including, but not limited to, H₁ receptor antagonists, H₃receptor antagonists and leukotriene antagonists (e.g., leukotriene D4antagonists). In suitable such embodiments, the compositions furthercomprise one or more additional ingredients, such as one or moreexcipients, one or more taste-masking agents and/or one or moreviscosity-increasing agents. Such compositions can be formulated asintranasal or ocular suspensions or solutions, with a pH of about 6.0 to8.0. In other embodiments, the compositions can be formulated for oralor pulmonary delivery, such as those described herein. While the amountof azelastine can be varied and adjusted appropriately by the ordinarilyskilled artisan, it is suitably contained in the intranasal or ocularformulations in an amount of about 0.0001% to about 1.0% by weight, andmore suitably from about 0.005% to about 0.5% or most suitably fromabout 0.05% to about 0.15% (e.g., about 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.07%, 0.08%,0.09%, 0.10%, 0.11%, 0.12%, 0.13%, 0.14%, 0.15%), of pure azelastine(calculated as the free azelastine base). The amount of one or moreadditional anti-allergic and/or anti-asthmatics present in the variousformulations can be varied and adjusted appropriately by the ordinarilyskilled artisan and can be present in any amount, for example about0.01% to about 99% (e.g., about 0.01%, about 0.1%, about 1%, about 10%,about 20%, about 30%, about 40%, about 50%, about 60%, about 70%, about80%, or about 90%). Suitably the amount of these additional compoundswill be in an amount of about 0.01% to about 10% by weight, or moresuitably in an amount of about 0.1% to about 5.0% by weight. Inaddition, the compositions can also comprise sucralose at about0.05%-0.15%.

Suitable compositions of the present invention comprise (or consistessentially of), for example (percentages of azelastine refer to weightpercentages of azelastine HCl or other suitable salt):

About 0.05% azelastine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine and about 0.01% steroid;

About 0.1% azelastine and about 0.01% steroid;

About 0.125% azelastine and about 0.01% steroid;

About 0.15% azelastine and about 0.01% steroid;

About 0.05% azelastine and about 0.05% steroid;

About 0.1% azelastine and about 0.05% steroid;

About 0.125% azelastine and about 0.05% steroid;

About 0.15% azelastine and about 0.05% steroid;

About 0.05% azelastine and about 0.1% steroid;

About 0.1% azelastine and about 0.1% steroid;

About 0.125% azelastine and about 0.1% steroid;

About 0.15% azelastine and about 0.1% steroid;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine and about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone;

About 0.1% azelastine and about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone;

About 0.125% azelastine and about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone;

About 0.15% azelastine and about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone;

About 0.05% azelastine and about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone;

About 0.1% azelastine and about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone;

About 0.125% azelastine and about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone;

About 0.15% azelastine and about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone;

About 0.05% azelastine and about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone;

About 0.1% azelastine and about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone;

About 0.125% azelastine and about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone;

About 0.15% azelastine and about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasonebeloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone and about 0.05%sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasonebeloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone and about 0.1%sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasonebeloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone and about 0.15%sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine and about 0.1% leukotriene antagonist;

About 0.1% azelastine and about 0.1% leukotriene antagonist;

About 0.125% azelastine and about 0.1% leukotriene antagonist;

About 0.15% azelastine and about 0.1% leukotriene antagonist;

About 0.05% azelastine and about 0.5% leukotriene antagonist;

About 0.1% azelastine and about 0.5% leukotriene antagonist;

About 0.125% azelastine and about 0.5% leukotriene antagonist;

About 0.15% azelastine and about 0.5% leukotriene antagonist;

About 0.05% azelastine and about 5.0% leukotriene antagonist;

About 0.1% azelastine and about 5.0% leukotriene antagonist;

About 0.125% azelastine and about 5.0% leukotriene antagonist;

About 0.15% azelastine and about 5.0% leukotriene antagonist;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% leukotriene antagonist and about0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% leukotriene antagonist and about 0.05%sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% leukotriene antagonist and about0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% leukotriene antagonist and about0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% leukotriene antagonist and about 0.1%sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% leukotriene antagonist and about 0.1%sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% leukotriene antagonist and about0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% leukotriene antagonist and about 0.1%sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% leukotriene antagonist and about0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% leukotriene antagonist and about 0.15%sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% leukotriene antagonist and about0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% leukotriene antagonist and about0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.5% leukotriene antagonist and about0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.5% leukotriene antagonist and about 0.05%sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.5% leukotriene antagonist and about0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.5% leukotriene antagonist and about0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.5% leukotriene antagonist and about 0.1%sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.5% leukotriene antagonist and about 0.1%sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.5% leukotriene antagonist and about0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.5% leukotriene antagonist and about 0.1%sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.5% leukotriene antagonist and about0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.5% leukotriene antagonist and about 0.15%sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.5% leukotriene antagonist and about0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.5% leukotriene antagonist and about0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 5.0% leukotriene antagonist and about0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 5.0% leukotriene antagonist and about 0.05%sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 5.0% leukotriene antagonist and about0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 5.0% leukotriene antagonist and about0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 5.0% leukotriene antagonist and about 0.1%sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 5.0% leukotriene antagonist and about 0.1%sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 5.0% leukotriene antagonist and about0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 5.0% leukotriene antagonist and about 0.1%sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 5.0% leukotriene antagonist and about0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 5.0% leukotriene antagonist and about 0.15%sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 5.0% leukotriene antagonist and about0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 5.0% leukotriene antagonist and about0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine and about 0.1% montelukast;

About 0.1% azelastine and about 0.1% montelukast;

About 0.125% azelastine and about 0.1% montelukast;

About 0.15% azelastine and about 0.1% montelukast;

About 0.05% azelastine and about 0.5% montelukast;

About 0.1% azelastine and about 0.5% montelukast;

About 0.125% azelastine and about 0.5% montelukast;

About 0.15% azelastine and about 0.5% montelukast;

About 0.05% azelastine and about 5.0% montelukast;

About 0.1% azelastine and about 5.0% montelukast;

About 0.125% azelastine and about 5.0% montelukast;

About 0.15% azelastine and about 5.0% montelukast;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% montelukast and about 0.05%sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% montelukast and about 0.05%sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% montelukast and about 0.05%sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% montelukast and about 0.1%sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% montelukast and about 0.15%sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% montelukast and about 0.15%sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% montelukast and about 0.15%sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.5% montelukast and about 0.05%sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.5% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.5% montelukast and about 0.05%sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.5% montelukast and about 0.05%sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.5% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.5% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.5% montelukast and about 0.1%sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.5% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.5% montelukast and about 0.15%sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.5% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.5% montelukast and about 0.15%sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.5% montelukast and about 0.15%sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 5.0% montelukast and about 0.05%sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 5.0% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 5.0% montelukast and about 0.05%sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 5.0% montelukast and about 0.05%sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 5.0% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 5.0% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 5.0% montelukast and about 0.1%sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 5.0% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 5.0% montelukast and about 0.15%sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 5.0% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 5.0% montelukast and about 0.15%sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 5.0% montelukast and about 0.15%sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine and about 0.1% decongestant;

About 0.1% azelastine and about 0.1% decongestant;

About 0.125% azelastine and about 0.1% decongestant;

About 0.15% azelastine and about 0.1% decongestant;

About 0.05% azelastine and about 0.5% decongestant;

About 0.1% azelastine and about 0.5% decongestant;

About 0.125% azelastine and about 0.5% decongestant;

About 0.15% azelastine and about 0.5% decongestant;

About 0.05% azelastine and about 1.0% decongestant;

About 0.1% azelastine and about 1.0% decongestant;

About 0.125% azelastine and about 1.0% decongestant;

About 0.15% azelastine and about 1.0% decongestant;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% decongestant and about 0.05%sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% decongestant and about 0.05%sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% decongestant and about 0.05%sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% decongestant and about 0.05%sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% decongestant and about 0.1%sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% decongestant and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% decongestant and about 0.1%sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% decongestant and about 0.1%sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% decongestant and about 0.15%sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% decongestant and about 0.15%sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% decongestant and about 0.15%sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% decongestant and about 0.15%sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.5% decongestant and about 0.05%sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.5% decongestant and about 0.05%sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.5% decongestant and about 0.05%sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.5% decongestant and about 0.05%sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.5% decongestant and about 0.1%sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.5% decongestant and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.5% decongestant and about 0.1%sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.5% decongestant and about 0.1%sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.5% decongestant and about 0.15%sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.5% decongestant and about 0.15%sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.5% decongestant and about 0.15%sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.5% decongestant and about 0.15%sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 1.0% decongestant and about 0.05%sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 1.0% decongestant and about 0.05%sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 1.0% decongestant and about 0.05%sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 1.0% decongestant and about 0.05%sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 1.0% decongestant and about 0.1%sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 1.0% decongestant and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 1.0% decongestant and about 0.1%sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 1.0% decongestant and about 0.1%sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 1.0% decongestant and about 0.15%sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 1.0% decongestant and about 0.15%sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 1.0% decongestant and about 0.15%sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 1.0% decongestant and about 0.15%sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine and about 0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.1% azelastine and about 0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.125% azelastine and about 0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.15% azelastine and about 0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.05% azelastine and about 0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.1% azelastine and about 0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.125% azelastine and about 0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.15% azelastine and about 0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.05% azelastine and about 1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.1% azelastine and about 1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.125% azelastine and about 1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.15% azelastine and about 1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine orphenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine orphenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine and about 0.1% NSAID;

About 0.1% azelastine and about 0.1% NSAID;

About 0.125% azelastine and about 0.1% NSAID;

About 0.15% azelastine and about 0.1% NSAID;

About 0.05% azelastine and about 0.5% NSAID;

About 0.1% azelastine and about 0.5% NSAID;

About 0.125% azelastine and about 0.5% NSAID;

About 0.15% azelastine and about 0.5% NSAID;

About 0.05% azelastine and about 10.0% NSAID;

About 0.1% azelastine and about 10.0% NSAID;

About 0.125% azelastine and about 10.0% NSAID;

About 0.15% azelastine and about 10.0% NSAID;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% NSAID and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% NSAID and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% NSAID and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% NSAID and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% NSAID and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% NSAID and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% NSAID and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% NSAID and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% NSAID and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% NSAID and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% NSAID and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% NSAID and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.5% NSAID and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.5% NSAID and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.5% NSAID and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.5% NSAID and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.5% NSAID and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.5% NSAID and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.5% NSAID and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.5% NSAID and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.5% NSAID and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.5% NSAID and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.5% NSAID and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.5% NSAID and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 10.0% NSAID and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 10.0% NSAID and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 10.0% NSAID and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 1.0% NSAID and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 10.0% NSAID and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 10.0% NSAID and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 10.0% NSAID and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 10.0% NSAID and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 10.0% NSAID and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 10.0% NSAID and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 10.0% NSAID and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 10.0% NSAID and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine and about 0.1% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenacor naproxen;

About 0.1% azelastine and about 0.1% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenacor naproxen;

About 0.125% azelastine and about 0.1% ibuprofen, diclofenac,aceclofenac or naproxen;

About 0.15% azelastine and about 0.1% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenacor naproxen;

About 0.05% azelastine and about 0.5% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenacor naproxen;

About 0.1% azelastine and about 0.5% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenacor naproxen;

About 0.125% azelastine and about 0.5% ibuprofen, diclofenac,aceclofenac or naproxen;

About 0.15% azelastine and about 0.5% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenacor naproxen;

About 0.05% azelastine and about 10.0% ibuprofen, diclofenac,aceclofenac or naproxen;

About 0.1% azelastine and about 10.0% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenacor naproxen;

About 0.125% azelastine and about 10.0% ibuprofen, diclofenac,aceclofenac or naproxen;

About 0.15% azelastine and about 10.0% ibuprofen, diclofenac,aceclofenac or naproxen;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenac ornaproxen and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenac ornaproxen and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenacor naproxen and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenac ornaproxen and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenac ornaproxen and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenac ornaproxen and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenacor naproxen and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenac ornaproxen and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenac ornaproxen and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenac ornaproxen and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenacor naproxen and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenac ornaproxen and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.5% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenac ornaproxen and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.5% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenac ornaproxen and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.5% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenacor naproxen and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.5% ibuprofen and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.5% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenac ornaproxen and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.5% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenac ornaproxen and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.5% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenacor naproxen and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.5% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenac ornaproxen and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.5% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenac ornaproxen and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.5% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenac ornaproxen and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.5% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenacor naproxen and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.5% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenac ornaproxen and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 10.0% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenacor naproxen and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 10.0% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenac ornaproxen and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 10.0% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenacor naproxen and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 10.0% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenacor naproxen and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 10.0% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenacor naproxen and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 10.0% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenac ornaproxen and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 10.0% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenacor naproxen and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 10.0% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenacor naproxen and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 10.0% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenacor naproxen and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 10.0% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenac ornaproxen and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 10.0% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenacor naproxen and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 10.0% ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenacor naproxen and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.1% decongestant;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.1% decongestant;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.1%decongestant;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.1% decongestant;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.1% decongestant;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.1% decongestant;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.1%decongestant;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.1% decongestant;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.1% decongestant;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.1% decongestant;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.1% decongestant;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.1% decongestant;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.5% decongestant;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.5% decongestant;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.5%decongestant;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.5% decongestant;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.5% decongestant;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.5% decongestant;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.5%decongestant;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.5% decongestant;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.5% decongestant;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.5% decongestant;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.5% decongestant;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.5% decongestant;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 1.0% decongestant;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 1.0% decongestant;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 1.0%decongestant;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 1.0% decongestant;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 1.0% decongestant;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 1.0% decongestant;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 1.0%decongestant;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 1.0% decongestant;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 1.0% decongestant;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 1.0% decongestant;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 1.0% decongestant;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 1.0% decongestant;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.1% decongestantand about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.1% decongestantand about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.5% decongestantand about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.5% decongestantand about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 1.0% decongestantand about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 1.0% decongestantand about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.1% decongestantand about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.1% decongestantand about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.5% decongestantand about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.5% decongestantand about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 1.0% decongestantand about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 1.0% decongestantand about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.1% decongestantand about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.1% decongestantand about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.1% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.5% decongestantand about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.5% decongestantand about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.5% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 1.0% decongestantand about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 1.0% decongestantand about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 1.0% decongestant andabout 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0125% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasonebeloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone and about 0.1%pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasonebeloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone and about 0.5%pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasonebeloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone and about 1.0%pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 1.0% pseudo ephedrine or phenylephrine;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasonebeloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about 0.1%pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasonebeloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about 0.5%pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasonebeloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about 1.0%pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasonebeloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about 0.1%pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1%sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1%sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.50% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasonebeloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about 0.5%pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1%sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasonebeloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about 1.0%pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasonebeloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about 0.1%pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasonebeloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about 0.5%pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasonebeloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about 1.0%pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about1.0% pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid and about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid and about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid and about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.1% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 0.5% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% steroid, about 5.0% leukotrieneantagonist and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% montelukast;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% montelukast;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% montelukast;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% montelukast;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% montelukast;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% montelukast;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% montelukast;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% montelukast;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% montelukast;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasonebeloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone and about 0.1%montelukast;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% montelukast;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.1% montelukast;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.5% montelukast;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.5% montelukast;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.5% montelukast;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.5% montelukast;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.5% montelukast;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.5% montelukast;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.5% montelukast;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.5% montelukast;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.5% montelukast;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasonebeloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone and about 0.5%montelukast;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.5% montelukast;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 0.5% montelukast;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 5.0% montelukast;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 5.0% montelukast;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 5.0% montelukast;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 5.0% montelukast;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 5.0% montelukast;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 5.0% montelukast;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 5.0% montelukast;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 5.0% montelukast;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 5.0% montelukast;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasonebeloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone and about 5.0%montelukast;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 5.0% montelukast;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone andabout 5.0% montelukast;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasonebeloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about 0.1%montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasonebeloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about 0.5%montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasonebeloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about 5.0%montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.05% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasonebeloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about 0.1%montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasonebeloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about 0.5%montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasonebeloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about 5.0%montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.1% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasonebeloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about 0.1%montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.1% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasonebeloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about 0.5%montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about0.5% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.01% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.05% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.05% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.1% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasonebeloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about 5.0%montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.125% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

About 0.15% azelastine, about 0.1% fluticasone, mometasone,dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, or triamcinolone, about5.0% montelukast and about 0.15% sucralose;

Chewable and/or Orally Dissolving Formulations

Chewable Formulations

In addition to the solid dosage forms disclosed throughout, the presentinvention also provides chewable oral formulations. In certain suchembodiments, the formulations will comprise (or consist essentially of)an effective amount of azelastine (e.g., azelastine HCl) along withsuitable excipients that allow the formulations to be chewed by thepatient. In additional embodiments, the formulations can furthercomprise one or more taste-masking or sweetening agents, such as thosedescribed herein. In one embodiment, sucralose is used in the chewableformulations. Additional active agents, such as those described herein,can also optionally be added to the chewable formulations. The amountsof azelastine, other optional active agents (e.g., steroids,decongestants, leukotriene antagonists, and combinations thereof), andsweetening agents (e.g., sucralose) in the chewable formulations of thepresent invention are readily determinable by those of ordinary skill inthe art, and include those amounts and combinations described herein.For example, the chewable formulations of the present invention comprise(or consist essentially of) about 0.05% to about 5% azelastine,optionally about 0.01% to about 10% other active agent(s) (or more asrequired), and about 0.05% to about 0.15% sucralose. Such chewableformulations are especially useful in patient populations wherecompliance is an issue, such as children, the elderly, and patients whomay have difficulty swallowing or using spray/inhalable formulations.

The formulations may also contain colorants to improve the appearance ofthe chewable formulations, especially since an attractive colorationimparted by a colorant may improve patient compliance. The relativeamounts of the colorants selected will vary depending upon theparticular hue of the individual colorants and the resultant colordesired.

Any standard pharmaceutically acceptable excipient can be used in thechewable tablet formulations which provides adequate compression such asdiluents (e.g., mannitol, xylitol, maltitol, lactitol, sorbitol,lactose, sucrose, and compressible sugars such as DiPac® (dextrinizedsucrose), available from Austin Products Inc. (Holmdel, N.J.), binders,disintegrants, splitting or swelling agents (e.g., polyvinylpolypyrrolidone, croscarmellose sodium (e.g., Ac-Di-Sol available fromFMC BioPolymer, Philadelphia, Pa.), starches and derivatives, celluloseand derivatives, microcrystalline celluloses, such as Avicel™ PH 101 orAvicel™ CE-15 (a microcrystalline modified with guar gum), bothavailable from FMC BioPolymer, (Philadelphia, Pa.), lubricating agents(e.g., magnesium stearate), and flow agents (e.g., colloidal silicondioxide, such as Cab-O-Sil M5® available from Cabot Corporation, Kokomo,Ind.).

Suitable amounts of sweetener (e.g., sucralose) used in the chewableformulations, will be familiar to, and can be readily determined by,those skilled in the art. In certain embodiments, the sweetener ispresent in an amount from about 0.05% to about 5.0% (e.g., about 0.05%,about 0.1%, about 0.125%, about 0.15%, about 0.2%, about 0.3%, about0.4%, about 0.5%, about 0.6%, about 0.7%, about 0.8%, about 0.9%, about1%, about 1.25% about 1.5%, about 1.75%, about 2%, about 2.25%, about2.5%, about 2.75%, about 3%, about 3.25%, about 3.5%, about 3.75%, about4%, about 4.25%, about 4.5%, about 4.75% or about 5%). Those or ordinaryskill in the art will appreciate that the amount of sweetener may varydepending on the strength of the particular sweetener used and thelevels approved by the regulatory authorities for use in pharmaceuticalproducts.

Suitable cyclodextrins for use in the chewable formulations of thepresent invention include α, β, or γ cyclodextrins, or an alkylated orhydroxyalkylated derivatives thereof, such as heptakis(2,6-di-o-methyl)-β-cyclodextrin (DIMEB), randomly methylatedβ-cyclodextrin (RAMEB), and hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin (HPpCD). Asuitable cyclodextrin is β-cyclodextrin (available from Cerestar USA,Inc., Hammond, Ind. or from Roquette America, Inc., Keokuk. Iow. underthe trade name Kleptose™). If desired, the complex of the activesubstance with cyclodextrin can be prepared in advance, for example, bymalaxating or granulating the azelastine and any additional activesubstance(s) and the cyclodextrin in the presence of water, or bypreparing an aqueous solution containing the azelastine and anyadditional active substance(s) and the cyclodextrin in the desired molarratio. Alternatively, the azelastine and any additional activesubstance(s) and the cyclodextrin can be simply mixed with otherexcipients and adjuvants. The molar ratio of the azelastine and anyadditional active substance(s) to cyclodextrin is suitably from about1.0:1.0 to about 4.0:1.0.

A typical manufacturing process for making either a single layer orbi-layer chewable tablet generally involves blending of the desiredingredients to form a uniform distribution of the azelastine (and anyother active agent(s)), excipients (e.g., colorants and flavoring agentsas well as others). If desired, an inclusion complex of the azelastineand any other active agent(s) and cyclodextrin (e.g., β-cyclodextrin)may be formed prior to blending into the mixture by malaxating theazelastine and any other active agent(s) and cyclodextrin in thepresence of water in a planetary mixer for about 20 minutes. The mixtureis then dried in a drying oven. After drying, the complex is mixed withany color/flavoring blend. The blend is then compressed into a singlelayer or bi-layer tablet using standard methods well-known to thoseskilled in the art (e.g., Kilian T-100 tablet press or Courtoy 292/43rotary bi-layer press). The colorants and flavoring agents may be addedto both layers to form a uniform presentation of the tablet. Methods forpreparation of chewable tablets and various components for use in thetablets can be found throughout the detailed description section and theExamples of U.S. Patent Publication No. 2003/0215503, the disclosure ofwhich is incorporated by reference herein for all purposes. Additionalchewable/orally dissolving tablets, and methods for their manufacture,are disclosed in U.S. Patent Publication No. 2004/0265372 and U.S. Pat.No. 6,270,790, the disclosures of each of which are incorporated byreference herein for all purposes.

Orally Disintegrating Tablets

In another embodiment, the present invention provides orallydisintegrating/orodispersible tablets, such as those disclosed in U.S.Pat. No. 6,723,348, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein byreference in its entirety for all purposes. The orallydisintegrating/orodispersible tablets suitably disintegrate in thebuccal cavity upon contact with saliva forming an easy-to-swallowsuspension. Such tablets comprise (or consist essentially of) azelastine(e.g., azelastine HCl), and optionally, one or more additional activeagents (such as those described herein), in the form of coated granules,and a mixture of excipients comprising at least one disintegratingagent, a soluble diluent agent, a lubricant and optionally a swellingagent, an antistatic (fluid flow) agent, a permeabilising agent,taste-masking agents/sweeteners, flavoring agents and colors. In certainsuch embodiments, the disintegrating/orodispersible tablets comprise thetaste-masking agent sucralose. The amounts of azelastine, other optionalactive agents (e.g., steroids, decongestants, leukotriene antagonists,and combinations thereof), and sweetening agents (e.g., sucralose) inthe orally disintegrating tablet formulations of the present inventionare readily determinable by those of ordinary skill in the art, andinclude those amounts and combinations described herein. For example,the orally disintegrating tablet formulations of the present inventioncomprise about 0.1% to about 0.15% azelastine, optionally about 0.01% toabout 10% other active agent(s) (or more as required), and about 0.05%to about 0.15% sucralose.

In suitable embodiments, the particles/granules of azelastine (and anyother optional active agents) have a particle size such that about 100%of the particles have an average size of less than about 50 μm. Insuitable such embodiments, azelastine (and any other optional activeagents) are present as coated granules.

In one embodiment, the disintegrating tablets according to the inventioncomprise coated granules of azelastine (and optionally, one or moreadditional active agents) or one of its pharmaceutically acceptablesalts (such as azelastine HCl), a taste-masking agent such as sucralose,and a mixture of excipients, the ratio of the mixture of excipients tothe coated granules suitably is about 0.4:1 to about 9:1, more suitableabout 1.5:1 to about 5:1, or about 2 to 3 parts by weight, the mixtureof excipients suitably comprising: at least one disintegrating agent, asoluble diluent agent, a lubricant, and optionally a permeabilisingagent, a swelling agent, an antistatic agent, flavoring agents and oneor more coloring agents.

In suitable embodiments, the disintegrating agent is selected from thegroup consisting of croscarmellose, available as e.g. Ac-di-Sol™,crospovidone available as e.g. Kollidon CL™, sodium starch glycolate andmixtures thereof.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the soluble diluent is apolyol having less than 13 carbon atoms and being either in the form ofa directly compressible product with an average particle size of about100 to 500 μm, or in the form of a powder with an average particle sizeof less than about 100 μm, this polyol suitably being selected from thegroup consisting of mannitol, xylitol, sorbitol and maltitol. Theproportion of disintegrating agent suitably is from about 3 to about 15%by weight, e.g., about 5 to about 15% by weight, and in the case of amixture, each disintegrating agent being present between about 1 andabout 10% by weight, e.g., about 5 to about 10% by weight, and theproportion of soluble diluent agent being about 30 to about 90% byweight, e.g., about 40 to about 60% by weight, based in each case on theweight of the tablet.

Suitable lubricants for use in the disintegrating tablets include, butare not limited to, magnesium stearate, stearic acid, sodium stearylfumarate, micronised polyoxyethyleneglycol (micronised Macrogol 6000),leukine, sodium benzoate and mixtures thereof. The amount of lubricantgenerally is from about 0 to about 3%, e.g., from about 1 to about 2% byweight, based on the weight of the tablet. The lubricant can bedispersed within the mixture of excipients, or according to oneembodiment, sprayed over the outer surface of the tablet. Thus,according to one embodiment of the disintegrating tablets of theinvention, the lubricant is in powder form and is, at least in part,disposed on the surface of the tablets.

The permeabilising agent allows the creation of a hydrophilic networkwhich facilitates the penetration of saliva and hence assists thedisintegration of the tablet. Suitable permeabilising agent include, butare not limited to, silica with a high affinity for aqueous solvents,such as colloidal silica (Aerosil™), precipitated silica (Syloid™ FP244), maltodextrins, β-cyclodextrins and mixtures thereof. The amount ofpermeabilising agent suitably is between about 0 and about 5%, e.g.,from about 0.5 to about 2% by weight, based on the weight of the tablet.

A swelling agent can be incorporated in the mixture of excipients.Suitable swelling agents include, but are not limited to, starch,modified starch or microcrystalline cellulose.

An antistatic agent can also be incorporated as a flow aid. Suitableantistatic agents include, but are not limited to, micronised ornon-micronised talc, fumed silica (Aerosil™ R972), colloidal silica(Aerosil™ 200), precipitated silica (Syloid™ FP 244), and mixturesthereof.

According to one such embodiment of the invention, the granules ofazelastine or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salts (andoptionally, one or more additional active agents such as those describedherein) are characterized in that the granules are coated and comprisemicrocrystals of azelastine or one of its pharmaceutically acceptablesalts (e.g., azelastine HCl), sucralose, at least one binder, andoptionally a diluent agent, an antistatic agent, and a coloring agent.Furthermore, the granulation excipients can also include disintegratingagents and/or surfactants.

Suitable binders include, but are not limited to, cellulosic polymers,such as ethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, acrylic polymers, such as insoluble acrylateammoniomethacrylate copolymer, polyacrylate or polymethacryliccopolymer, povidones, copovidones, polyvinylalcohols, alginic acid,sodium alginate, starch, pregelatinized starch, sucrose and itsderivatives, guar gum, polyethylene glycol, for example an acrylicpolymer, such as Eudragit™ E100, and mixtures thereof.

Optionally, in order to enhance the granulation of the azelastine (andone or more additional active agents) or one of its pharmaceuticallyacceptable salts, a diluent agent can be used. Suitable diluent agentsinclude, but are not limited to, microcrystalline cellulose, sucrose,dicalcium phosphate, starches, lactose and polyols of less than 13carbon atoms, such as mannitol, xylitol, sorbitol, maltitol,pharmaceutically acceptable amino acids, such as glycin, and theirmixtures.

In one embodiment, a granule of azelastine or one of itspharmaceutically acceptable salts (as well as any additional activeagents, such as those described herein), can be in the form of a core ofgranulated microcrystals of azelastine, coated with at least one layercomprising azelastine. Such a coated core is characterized in that thecore and the layer comprise each from 70% to 95%, preferably 80% to 95%by weight of azelastine, or one of the pharmaceutically acceptable saltsthereof, the balance to 100% being formed with at least one binder andoptionally sucralose, and that the coated core is suitably a sphere. Seee.g., French patent application FR 00 14803, the disclosure of which isincorporated by reference herein.

In one embodiment of the invention, the granules can comprise (orconsist essentially of): from about 10% to about 95%, e.g., from about50% to about 70% of azelastine or a pharmaceutically acceptable saltthereof (e.g., azelastine HCl) and optionally one or more additionalactive agents, such as those described herein, at most about 20% byweight of the binder, relative to the weight of azelastine, or one ofthe pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, at most about 5%,suitably about 2% by weight of the antistatic agent, relative to theweight of said granules, suitably about 0.05% to about 5% sucralose andoptionally a diluent agent for the balance to 100%.

The granules can also be coated with a coating composition comprising atleast one coating polymer selected from the group consisting ofcellulosic polymers, acrylic polymers and their mixtures. Among thecellulosic polymers, ethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) andhydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), can be used. Among the acrylicpolymers, insoluble acrylate ammonio-methacrylate copolymer (Eudragit™RL100 or RS100 or Eudragit™ RL30D or RS30D), polyacrylate (Eudragit™NE30D), or methacrylic copolymers (e.g., Eudragit™ L100-55 Eudragit™L30D, Eudragit™ E100 and Eudragit™ EPO) can be used, alone, incombination, or in admixture with pH-dependent polymers. Eudragit™ E100or a mixture of Eudragit™ EPO and Eudragit™ NE30D are suitably used. Inone embodiment, the binder and the coating polymer are the same polymer.

Optionally, permeabilising agents, plasticizers, soluble agents,disintegrating agents and surfactants, can be added as coatingadditives. Suitable plasticizers include, but are not limited to,triacetine, triethylacetate, triethylcitrate (Eudraflex™),ethylphthalate, or mixtures thereof. The plasticizer is used inproportions of at most about 30%, preferably 10% by weight of thecoating polymers. Suitable soluble agents include polyols having lessthan 13 carbon atoms. Surfactants may be an anionic, nonionic, cationic,zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactant. Suitable disintegrating agentsinclude, but are not limited to, croscarmellose, available as e.g.Ac-di-Sol™, crospovidone available as e.g. Kollidon CL™, and mixturesthereof.

Suitably, the coated granules according to the present invention have aparticle size distribution between about 150 μm and about 500 μm, moresuitably between about 150 μm and about 425 μm, such that at least 50%,more suitably at least 70% of the granules have a particle size rangingbetween about 150 and about 425 μm, and less than 15% of the granuleshave a particle size less than about 150 μm.

In one embodiment, the coated granules according to the inventioncomprise: from about 10% to about 95%, preferably about 40 to about 75%of granules of azelastine or one of its pharmaceutically acceptablesalts, suitably azelastine HCl and optionally one or more optionaladditional active agents, such as those disclosed herein, sucralose fromabout 0.05% to about 5%, from about 5 to about 90%, suitably about 10 toabout 70% and even more suitably from about 25 to about 55% of a coatingpolymer, such as Eudragit™ E100, the percentages being expressed byweight relative to the weight of the granules of azelastine, or one ofits pharmaceutically acceptable salts, from about 0 to about 10% of apermeabilising agent, such as colloidal silica, the percentages beingexpressed by weight relative to the weight of the coating polymer.

Effervescent Formulations

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a solid,effervescent, rapidly dissolving dosage form of azelastine for oraladministration, such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,245,353, thedisclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.In such an embodiment, the effervescent formulation comprise (or consistessentially of) (a) azelastine or a pharmaceutically acceptable saltthereof (e.g., azelastine HCl), and optionally one or more additionalactive agents such as those disclosed herein, (b) an effervescent basecomprising at least one of (i) at least one of (1) an organic edibleacid and (2) a salt thereof, (ii) at least one of an alkali metal and analkaline earth metal carbonate and bicarbonate, and (c) optionally apharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary ingredient. In certain suitableembodiments, the effervescent formulations further comprise one or moretaste-masking agents, such as sucralose, and/or other taste-maskingagents described herein. The amounts of azelastine, other optionalactive agents (e.g., steroids, decongestants, leukotriene antagonists,and combinations thereof), and sweetening agents (e.g., sucralose) inthe effervescent formulations of the present invention are readilydeterminable by those of ordinary skill in the art, and include thoseamounts and combinations described herein. For example, the effervescentformulations of the present invention comprise about 0.1% to about 0.15%azelastine, optionally about 0.01% to about 10% other active agent(s)(or more if required), and about 0.05% to about 0.15% sucralose.

A solution or suspension of azelastine or salt thereof is formed byadding water to the soluble or dispersible effervescent tablets orsoluble granules, with evolution of CO₂ gas. The resulting effervescentsolution or suspension can be ingested very easily, even by patients whohave difficulties swallowing. The rapidly disintegrating tablet can alsobe administered so that it directly disintegrates in the mouth. A rapidrelease of the active ingredient is of particular importance here, toensure a rapid onset of action.

Effervescent agents capable of releasing CO₂, which can be used in thepresent invention, include alkali metal carbonates or alkali metalbicarbonates, such as sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate. Agents forinducing CO₂ release which are suitably employed are edible organicacids, or their acidic salts, which are present in solid form and whichcan be formulated with the azelastine active ingredient and the otherauxiliary ingredients (as well as any other active agents) to providegranules or tablets, without premature evolution of CO₂. Edible organicacids which can be so used include for example, tartaric acid, malicacid, fumaric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, ascorbic acid, maleicacid or citric acid. Pharmaceutically acceptable acidic salts include,for example, salts of polybasic acids which are present in solid formand in which at least one acid function is still present, such as sodiumdihydrogen or disodium hydrogen phosphate or monosodium or disodiumcitrate.

In one embodiment, the present invention provides effervescentazelastine formulations including the formulations and compositionsdescribed herein, having an effervescent base comprising (a) a mixtureof calcium carbonate with an organic edible acid; (b) a mixture ofcalcium carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and an organicedible acid; or (c) a mixture of sodium bicarbonates, sodium carbonateand an organic edible acid.

The soluble or dispersible effervescent azelastine tablets or thesoluble granules suitably comprise (or consisting essentially of) fromabout 0.5 mg to about 10 mg azelastine (or salt thereof, e.g.,azelastine HCl) and from about 50 mg to about 5000 mg, suitably fromabout 500 mg to about 3000 mg of an effervescent base, optionally, alongwith other active agents (such as those described herein) andexcipients, including taste-masking agents such as sucralose, suitablyat about 0.05% to about 5%.

The effervescent base suitably comprises from about 100 mg to about 500mg calcium ions as, for example, calcium carbonate, and from about 20 mgto about 1500 mg citric acid and/or its salts. In another embodiment,the effervescent base comprises from about 50 mg to about 2000 mg sodiumbicarbonate, from about 20 mg to about 200 mg of sodium carbonate andfrom about 20 mg to about 1500 mg citric acid and/or from about 20 mg toabout 500 mg tartaric acid.

An additional suitable composition of the effervescent base comprisesfrom about 50 mg to about 500 mg sodium bicarbonate, from about 20 mg toabout 100 mg sodium carbonate, and from about 50 mg to about 750 mgcalcium carbonate and from about 100 mg to about 1500 mg of citric acid.

The soluble/dispersible tablets can be prepared by known processes forpreparing effervescent bases, such as those disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.6,245,353, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by referencein its entirety.

Orally Dissolving/Consumable Films

Another embodiment of the present invention is directed to aphysiologically acceptable film that is particularly well-adapted todissolve in the oral cavity of a warm-blooded animal including humans,and adhere to the mucosa of the oral cavity, to allow delivery ofazelastine or a salt thereof, e.g., azelastine HCl, and optionally oneor more additional active agents such as those described herein. Suchphysiologically acceptable films suitable for use in accordance withthis aspect of the present invention are disclosed in U.S. PatentApplication No. 2004/0247648, the disclosure of which is incorporatedherein by reference in its entirety.

In one such embodiment of the present invention, an orallydissolving/consumable film comprises a modified starch, azelastine or asalt thereof, e.g., azelastine HCl, and optionally, one or moreadditional active agents such as those described herein, suitably, oneor more taste-masking agents, such as sucralose, and optionally, atleast one water soluble polymer. The amounts of azelastine, otheroptional active agents (e.g., steroids, decongestants, leukotrieneantagonists, and combinations thereof), and sweetening agents (e.g.,sucralose) in the orally dissolving/consumable film formulations of thepresent invention are readily determinable by those of ordinary skill inthe art, and include those amounts and combinations described herein.For example, the orally dissolving/consumable film formulations of thepresent invention comprise about 0.5 mg to about 10 mg azelastine,optionally about 0.5 mg to about 10 mg other active agent(s), and about0.05% to about 0.15% sucralose.

The consumable films of the present invention may comprise one or moreof the following ingredients: water, antimicrobial agents, additionalfilm forming agents or water soluble polymers, plasticizing agents,flavorings, sulfur precipitating agents, saliva stimulating agents,cooling agents, surfactants, stabilizing agents, emulsifying agents,thickening agents, binding agents, coloring agents, triglycerides,polyethylene oxides, propylene glycols, additional taste-masking agentsor sweeteners, fragrances, preservatives and the like, as described inU.S. Pat. No. 6,596,298, the disclosure of which is incorporated byreference herein in its entirety.

In one such embodiment, the consumable films of the present inventioninclude a modified starch. The modified starches used in accordance withthe present invention can be prepared by mechanically, chemically orthermally modifying unmodified starches. For example, modified starchesmay be prepared by chemically treating starches to produce, for example,acid treatment starches, enzyme treatment starches, oxidized starches,cross-bonding starches, and other starch derivatives. Starches suitablefor modification to produce modified starches may be obtained fromnatural products such as corn, potatoes, tapioca as well as geneticallymodified forms of the same such as high amylose and waxy corn as well assorghum varieties.

Examples of modified starches for use in the practice of the presentinvention include, but are not limited to, modified corn starches,modified tapioca starches, acid and enzyme hydrolyzed corn and/or potatostarches, hypochlorite-oxidized starches, acid-thinned starches,ethylated starches, cross-bonded starches, hydroxypropylated tapiocastarches, hydroxypropylated corn starches, pregelatinized modifiedstarches, and the like. Preferred modified starches are selected frompregelatinized modified corn starches and pregelatinized modifiedtapioca starches.

Representative examples of commercially available modified starchesuseful in the present invention include PURE-COTE™ modified starchessuch as PURE-COTE™ B793 (a pregelatinized modified corn starch) andPURE-COTE™ B795 (a pregelatinized modified corn starch), for example,available from Grain Processing Corporation, 1600 Oregon Street,Muscatine, Iowa 52761-1494 USA.

In one such embodiment of the present invention, the modified starch ispresent in amounts ranging from about 1% to about 90% by weight, inanother embodiment about 10% to about 90% by weight, and in yet anotherembodiment from about 35% to about 80% by weight of the film.

Modified starch may be included in the film alone or optionally incombination with an additional water soluble film forming polymers suchas those selected from, for example, pullulan, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, sodiumalginate, polyethylene glycol, tragacanth gum, guar gum, acacia gum,arabic gum, polyacrylic acid, methylmethacrylate copolymers,carboxyvinyl polymers, amylose, high amylose starch, hydroxypropylatedhigh amylose starch, pectin, dextrin, chitin, chitosan, levan, elsinan,collagen, gelatin, zein, gluten, soy protein isolate, whey proteinisolate, casein and combinations thereof. A preferred water solublepolymer is pullulan. The amount of the water soluble polymer typicallyis up to about 99% by weight, suitably up to about 80% by weight, moresuitably up to about 50% by weight, and most suitably up to about 40% byweight of the film.

Sustained Release Formulations

In another embodiment, the present invention provides sustained releaseazelastine formulations, such as the formulations and compositionsdescribed herein, which also comprise a taste-masking agent, such assucralose. In additional embodiment, such sustained release formulationsof the present invention can further comprise one or more additionalactive agents, such as those described herein.

Methods for preparing sustained release tablets, capsules, caplets,pellets and the like, as well as excipients for use in the sustainedrelease formulations of the present invention, are well known in theart, and can be found, for example, throughout the detailed descriptionsection and the Examples of U.S. Pat. No. 5,271,946, the disclosure ofwhich is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for allpurposes.

As discussed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,271,946, the sustained releaseformulations of the present invention can be obtained as follows:

1. Through binding of azelastine or a pharmaceutically acceptable saltthereof (e.g., azelastine HCl), and optionally one or more additionalactive agents such as those described herein, to physiologicallyacceptable cation exchangers. The following may, for example, be used assuch cation exchangers: acrylic and methacrylic resins with exchangeableprotons, acid groups: COO⁻ e.g. Amberlite™ IRP-64 Polystyrene resinswith exchangeable Na⁺, acid groups: SO₃ ⁻, e.g. Amberlite™ IRP-69.

2. Coating of active ingredient particles, granulate or pellet grains orazelastine-containing tablets with coatings of the following substances,or mixtures of the following substances: hydroxypropylmethyl cellulosephthalate- or acetate succinate; cellulose-, starch-, as well aspolyvinyl acetate phthalate; carboxymethyl cellulose; hypromellose;carbopol starch acetate; cellulose acetae; polyvinyl acetate;methylcellulose phthalate, methylcellulose succinate, methyl cellulosephthalate succinate as well as methyl cellulose phthalic acid halfester; zein; ethyl cellulose as well as ethyl cellulose succinate;shellac; gluten; ethylcarboxyethyl cellulose; ethacrylate-maleic acidanhydride copolymer; maleic acid anhydride vinyl methyl ether copolymer;sterol maleic acid copolymerizate; 2-ethylhexylacrylate maleic acidanhydride; crotonic acid vinyl acetate copolymer; glutaminicacid/glutaminic acid ester copolymer; carboxymethylethyl celluloseglycerin mono-octanoate; cellulose acetate succinate; polyarginin; fats,oils, waxes, fatty alcohols; anionic polymerizates of methacrylic acidand methacrylic acid esters (Eudragit™ L, Eudragit™ S); copolymerizatesof acrylic and methacrylic acid esters with a low ammonium group(Eudragit™ RS) content, as well as copolymers of acrylic and methacrylicacid esters and trimethyl ammonium methacrylate (Eudragit™ RL),copolymerizates of acrylic acid ethyl- and methacrylic acid methylesters 70:30 (Eudragit™ NE 30 D), copolymerizates of acrylic acid,methacrylic acid as well as their esters (ratio of the free carboxylgroups to the ester groups for example 1:1) (Eudragit™ L 30 D).

Such sustained release formulations may also contain conventionalsofteners (e.g. dibutyl sebacate, citric and tartaric acid esters,glycerin and glycerin esters, phthalic acid esters and similarsubstances). It also is possible to add water-soluble substances such aspolyethylene glycols, polyvinylpyrrolidone, copolymerizates ofpolyvinylpyrrolidone and polyvinyl acetate, hydroxypropyl cellulose,hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose. The addition of solids such as talcumand/or magnesium stearate to the coating is also possible.

Organic acids (such as for example citric acid, tartaric acid, maleic,fumaric, ascorbic acid) may also be incorporated into the pellet grains,granulate grains or tablets.

3. Coating of pressed disks, tablets, granulates containing theazelastine or salt thereof, and optionally one or more additional activeagents such as those described herein, and one or more osmoticallyactive substances, (e.g. mannitol, sorbitol and the like) with asemi-permeable membrane, e.g. of 70 to 90 weight % of cellulose acetateand hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose or hypromellose (30 to 10 weight %).

Other osmotically active substances that can be used include organic andinorganic compounds or soluble substances which generate an osmoticpressure gradient as compared to the outer liquid via the semi-permeablewall. Osmotically active agents or osmotically active compounds includemagnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, lithiumchloride, potassium sulfate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, urea,saccharose and the like. Other osmotically active agents are disclosedin U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,854,770, 4,077,407 and 4,235,236, the disclosures ofeach of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

Semi-permeable materials which can be used as polymers for osmosis andreverse osmosis are, for example: cellulose acylate, cellulosediacylate, cellulose triacylate, cellulose acetate, cellulose diacetate,cellulose triacetate, β-glucan acetate, acetaldehyde dimethyl acetate,cellulose acetate ethyl carbamate, polyamide, polyurethane, sulphonatedpolystyrene, cellulose acetate phthalate, cellulose acetate methylcarbamate, cellulose acetate succinate, cellulose acetate dimethylaminoacetate, cellulose acetate chloracetate, cellulose dipalmitate,cellulose dioctanoate, cellulose dicaprylate, cellulose dipentanate,cellulose acetate valerate, cellulose acetate-p-toluene sulphonate,cellulose acetate butyrate, ethyl cellulose, selectively permeablepolymers which are formed by joint precipitation of a polycation and apolyanion as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,173,876, 3,276,586,3,541,005, 3,541,006 and 3,546,142, the disclosures of which areincorporated by reference herein in their entireties. Coatings of thistype in semi-permeable membranes may for example also be effectedaccording to U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,455,143 and 4,449,983, the disclosures ofwhich are incorporated by reference herein.

The proportion of osmotically active substance can be from about 10 toabout 800 parts by weight, suitably about 20 to about 600, and moresuitably about 50 to about 400 parts by weight, based on 1 part byweight of azelastine. The amount of coating substances applied is suchthat the semi-permeable membrane is about 50 to about 500 μm, suitablyabout 100 to about 300 μm thick.

4. Embedding of or binding azelastine (or salt thereof) and/or any otheroptional additional active agent(s) to the following substances ormixtures of these substances:

Digestible fats, such as triglycerides of saturated fatty acids, C₈H₁₆O₂to C₁₈H₃₆O₂, and mixtures thereof, peanut oil and hydrated peanut oil,castor oil and hydrated castor oil, olive oil, sesame oil, cottonseedoil and hydrogenated cottonseed oil, corn oil, wheat germ oil, sunflowerseed oil, cod liver oil, mixtures of mono-, di- and triesters ofpalmitic and stearic acid with glycerine, glycerine trioleate, diglycolstearate, stearic acid.

Indigestible fats or fat-like substances, for example esters ofaliphatic saturated or unsaturated fatty acids (2 to 22 carbon atoms, inparticular 10 to 18 carbon atoms) with monovalent aliphatic alcohols (1to 20 carbon atoms), carnauba wax, beeswax, fatty alcohols (straightchain or branched) of chain length C₈H₁₇OH to C₃₀H₆₁OH, in particularC₁₂H₂₅OH to C₂₄H₄₉OH.

Polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylic acid(Carbopol™); anionic polymerizates of methacrylic acid and methacrylicacid esters (Eudragit™ L, Eudragit™ S), acrylic and methacrylic acidester copolymerizates with trimethyl ammonium methacrylate (Eudragit™RL, Eudragit™ RS).

Copolymerizates of ethyl acrylates and methyl methacrylates (Eudragit™NE 30 D), as well as of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid as well as estersthereof (ratio of free carboxyl groups to ester groups 1:1) (Eudragit™ L30 D), polyethylene, polyglycolic acid, polyhydroxybutyric acid,polylactic acid, copolymers of lactic acid and glycolic acid(manufacturer: Boehringer Ingelheim), copolymers of lactic acid andethylene oxide, copolymers of glycolic acid and ethylene oxide,copolymers of lactic acid and hydroxybutyric acid, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose-phthalate or -acetate succinate; cellulose acetate phthalate,starch acetate phthalate as well as polyvinyl acetate phthalate;carboxymethyl cellulose; methylcellulose phthalate, -succinate,-phthalate succinate, methyl cellulose phthalic acid half ester; zein;ethyl cellulose; shellac, gluten; ethylcarboxyethyl cellulose;ethacrylate maleic acid anhydride copolymer; maleic acid anhydride vinylmethyl ether copolymer; styrene maleic acid copolymerizate; 2-ethylhexylacrylate maleic acid anhydride; crotonic acid vinyl acetate copolymer;glutaminic acid/glutaminic acid ester copolymer; carboxymethyl celluloseglycerine mono-octanoate; cellulose acetate succinate; polyarginine;cross-linked alginate; cross-linked gelatin.

Swelling agents such as methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose,hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (Pharmacoat, Methocel E (propylene glycolether of methyl cellulose)), alginic acid and their salts (Na⁻, Ca⁻salt, also mixtures of sodium alginate and calcium salts such asCaHPO₄), starch, carboxymethyl starch, carboxymethyl cellulose and theirsalts (e.g. Na⁻ salts), galacto mannan, gum arabic, karaya rubber,ghatti gum, agar-agar, carrageen, xanthan rubber, guar rubber and itsderivatives, carob bean flour, propylene glycol alginate, pectin,tragacanth.

The amounts of azelastine or salt thereof, and optionally one or moreadditional active agents such as those described herein, in theformulations of the invention are about 0.1 mg to about 50 mg, suitablyabout 0.2 mg to about 30 mg, and more suitably about 0.5 mg to about 20mg of azelastine.

Suitable exemplary sustained release components are:

a) Cation exchangers: Sodium poly(styrene, divinylbenzene)sulphonate(e.g. Amberlite™ IRP 69). Suitably 3 to 10 parts of Amberlite™ IRP 69are for example used per 1 part of azelastine (base).

b) Coating substances: Hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose phthalate, suitablyat 1.5 to 3 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose phthalate 55 areused per 1 part of azelastine. Ethyl cellulose, suitably 0.1 to 1 partof ethyl cellulose are used per 1 part of azelastine. Eudragit resins,for example Eudragit™ RS 0.01 to 0.1 part of Eudragit™ RS per 1 part ofazelastine.

c) Semi-permeable layers with osmotically acting active substancecontaining core and outlet openings: Coating with 100 to 300 μm thicklayer of 82% cellulose acetate and 18% hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.

d) Embedding substances: Hydrocolloids e.g. hydroxypropyl methylcellulose: 2 to 10 parts of hydrocolloid per 1 part of azelastine.Eudragit™ RS: 10 to 15 parts of Eudragit™ RS per 1 part of azelastine.Glycerineditripalmito stearate (e.g. Precirol Ato 5) 1 to 10 parts ofPrecirol Ato 5 per 1 part of azelastine.

The requisite release of azelastine (and optionally, any additionalactive agents) of 0.05 to 5 mg per hour suitably occurs within thedesired range through the parameters described herein. Should it bedesired to achieve a specific release rate within this range it ispossible, for example, to proceed as follows:

1. The preparation of the coating or embedding of the active substancein the described manner.

2. Testing of the release of active substance from the dosage form using0.1 N HCl (2 hours) and phosphate buffer pH 6.8 (subsequently) asrelease medium.

3. a) Should too much substance be released: Increase of the proportionof the sustained release component and/or reduction of the proportion ofwater-soluble auxiliary substances. Reduction of the proportion ofosmotically active substance.

b) Should too little substance be released: Reduction of the proportionof the sustained release component and/or increase of the proportion ofwater soluble auxiliary substances. Increase of the proportion ofosmotically active substance.

In one embodiment, a release rate of about 0.05 mg of azelastine perhour can be achieved.

Liquid Dosage Forms Free of Preservatives

While preservatives are useful in limiting concerns related to chemicaldegradation or bacterial growth in the liquid formulations of thepresent invention, the presence of these preservatives can themselvescause stinging or irritation, especially when administered to the oralor nasal mucosa, or to ocular tissue or the conjunctival sac. Therefore,in order to reduce this irritation, in one embodiment, the liquid dosageforms disclosed herein, e.g., liquid dosage forms for nasal, ocular ororal administration, such as pharmaceutically acceptable emulsions,solutions, suspensions, syrups and elixirs, can be prepared free, orsubstantially free, of preservatives. As used herein the phrase “free,or substantially free, of preservatives” means that the liquidformulations contain less than about 0.0001% (weight/volume) of apreservative, more suitably less than about 0.00001% (weight/volume) ofa preservative, and most suitably, no preservative.

In order to maintain the integrity of the liquid formulations, andspecifically, to protect them from bacterial contamination transferredfrom the patient or external environment, the delivery systems usefulfor applying the various liquid formulations can be appropriatelyengineered to limit bacteria from entering the solutions. For example,in order to limit the introduction of bacteria or particulates that maycome from the user of a nasal spray (e.g. from the nasal passage), thespray bottle can be fitted with a filter or other device to limit orprevent the introduction of such bacteria into the bottle and/orformulation. This filter can form part of the spray or dropper nozzle,or can be located within the structure of the spray or dropper bottleitself. The filter allows the various liquid formulations of the presentinvention to pass through the filter to the patient, but limits bacteriaor particulates from the patient or the external environment fromentering the nozzle and bottle. Suitable filters are known in the artand are commercially available from well-known sources, and includemicroporous filtration membranes made from polymers, such as, but notlimited to, poly(ethersulfone), poly(vinylidene fluoride), mixedcellulose esters, and poly(tetrafluoroethylene). In general, the poresize of such membranes are on the order of less than about 0.5 microns,more suitably less than about 0.3 microns and most suitably less than orequal to about 0.22 microns. Use of such membrane filters eliminate theneed for preservatives in the various liquid formulations of the presentinvention when utilized in nasal spray or ocular drop delivery systems.

The preservative free liquid formulations and compositions of thepresent invention can also be provided in single unit-dose containers.Such containers are acceptable to deliver the therapeutic dose ofazelastine (or salt or ester thereof, including azelastinehydrochloride) and optionally one or more additional active agents (suchas those described herein) to the eyes, nose or mouth. In certain suchembodiments of the invention, the compositions can be effectivelycontained in a package comprising a high density polyethylene (HDPE)container produced using a blow-fill-seal manufacturing technique with avolume capacity of about 1 mL.

The use of single unit-dose containers eliminates the concern ofcontamination for the user (or other outside sources), as once theunit-dose container is opened and a single dose of the presentformulations or compositions is delivered, the container is discarded.

The preservative-free formulations of the present invention can also beused with multi-dose containers, such as, high density polyethylenebottles with a volume capacity of about 10 mL fitted with a spray pumpspecifically designed for use with preservative free formulations.

Formulations for Pulmonary Delivery

In further embodiments, the present invention provides formulations andcompositions for pulmonary delivery of azelastine or a salt thereof, andoptionally, one or more additional active agents, such as thosedescribed herein. For example, inhalable preparations comprisingazelastine or a salt thereof (e.g., azelastine HCl), and optionally, oneor more additional active agents such as those described herein, can beproduced.

Inhalable preparations include inhalable powders, propellant-containingmetering aerosols or propellant-free inhalable solutions. Inhalablepowders according to the invention containing azelastine or a saltthereof, and optionally one or more additional active ingredientsincluding those described herein, may comprise the active ingredients ontheir own, or a mixture of the active ingredients with physiologicallyacceptable excipients. In certain such embodiments, the inhalableformulas comprise the compositions of the present invention in aninhalable form. Within the scope of the present invention, the termpropellant-free inhalable solutions also includes concentrates orsterile inhalable solutions ready for use. The preparations according tothe invention may comprise azelastine or a salt thereof and optionallyone or more additional active ingredients including those describedherein, in one formulation, or in two or more separate formulations.

Physiologically acceptable excipients that may be used to prepare theinhalable powders according to the present invention include, but arenot limited to, monosaccharides (e.g., glucose or arabinose),disaccharides (e.g., lactose, saccharose, maltose), oligo- andpolysaccharides (e.g., dextran), polyalcohols (e.g., sorbitol, mannitol,xylitol), salts (e.g., sodium chloride, calcium carbonate) or mixturesof these excipients with one another. Suitably, mono- or disaccharidesare used, for example, lactose or glucose in the form of their hydrates.Lactose and lactose monohydrate represent exemplary excipients.Excipients for use in the inhalable preparations can have an averageparticle size of up to about 250 μm, suitably between about 10 μm andabout 150 μm, most suitably between about 15 μm and about 80 μm. Incertain such embodiments, finer excipient fractions can be added with anaverage particle size of about 1 μm to about 9 μm. These finerexcipients are also selected from the group of possible excipientsdisclosed throughout. Finally, in order to prepare the inhalable powdersaccording to the present invention, micronised active ingredients (e.g.,azelastine and optionally one or more additional agents describedthroughout), suitably with an average particle size of about 0.5 μm toabout 10 μm, more suitably from about 1 μm to about 5 μm, are added tothe excipient mixture. Processes for producing the inhalable powdersaccording to the present invention by grinding and micronizing and byfinally mixing the ingredients together are routine and well known tothose of ordinary skill in the art. The inhalable powders according tothe present invention can be prepared and administered either in theform of a single powder mixture which contains azelastine or a saltthereof and optionally one or more additional active agents such asthose described herein, or in the form of separate inhalable powders, inwhich one powder contains only azelastine or a salt thereof, and anotherpowder contains one or more additional active agents such as thosedescribed herein. Methods for preparing the inhalable powders of thepresent invention, as well as devices for their delivery, are disclosedin U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,696,042 and 6,620,438; U.S. Published PatentApplication Nos. 2002/0009418, 2005/0121032, 2005/0121027 and2005/0123486, the disclosures of each of which are incorporated hereinby reference in their entireties.

The inhalable powders according to the present invention may beadministered using inhalers well known in the art. Inhalable powdersaccording to the present invention which contain a physiologicallyacceptable excipient in addition to the active agents may beadministered, for example, by means of inhalers which deliver a singledose from a supply using a measuring chamber as described in U.S. Pat.No. 4,570,630, or by other means as described in U.S. Pat. Nos.5,035,237 and 4,811,731, the disclosures of which are incorporated byreference herein in their entireties. The inhalable powders of thepresent invention can also be administered by dry powder inhalers (DPIs)or pre-metered DPIs (see e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,779,520, 6,715,486 and6,328,034, the disclosures of each of which are incorporated herein byreference in their entireties). Suitably, the inhalable powdersaccording to the present invention which contain physiologicallyacceptable excipients in addition to the active agents are packed intocapsules (to produce so-called inhalettes) which are used in inhalers asdescribed, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,947,118, the disclosure ofwhich is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. An additionalDPI that can be used with the powder formulations of the presentinvention is the Novalizer® by Sofotec (Bad Homburg, Germany). Adescription of this DPI, as well as methods to formulate powders for usein it, are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,840,279; 5,881,719; 6,071,498;and 6,681,768, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein byreference in their entireties.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, inhalationaerosols containing propellant gas comprising (or consisting essentiallyof) azelastine or a salt thereof and optionally, one or more additionalactive ingredients such as those described herein, dissolved in apropellant gas or in dispersed form, can be produced. Azelastine or asalt thereof, and one or more optional active ingredients, such as thosedisclosed herein, may be present in separate formulations or in a singlepreparation, in which all active ingredients are each dissolved, eachdispersed, or one or more active components are dissolved and any othersare dispersed. The propellant gases which may be used to prepare theinhalation aerosols according to the invention are known in the art.Suitable propellant gases include, but are not limited to, hydrocarbonssuch as n-propane, n-butane or isobutane and halohydrocarbons such asfluorinated derivatives of methane, ethane, propane, butane,cyclopropane or cyclobutane. The propellant gases may be used on theirown or in mixtures thereof. Particularly suitable propellant gases arehalogenated alkane derivatives selected from TG134a and TG227.

The propellant-driven inhalation aerosols according to the presentinvention may also contain other ingredients such as co-solvents,stabilizers, surfactants, antioxidants, lubricants and pH adjusters. Allof these ingredients, and suitable commercial sources thereof, are wellknown in the art.

The inhalation aerosols containing propellant gas according to thepresent invention may contain up to about 5 wt % of active substances(or more if required). Aerosols according to the invention contain, forexample, about 0.002 wt. % to about 5 wt. %, about 0.01 wt. % to about 3wt. %, about 0.015 wt. % to about 2 wt. %, about 0.1 wt. % to about 2wt. %, about 0.5 wt. % to about 2 wt. %, or about 0.5 wt. % to about 1wt. % of active substances (e.g., azelastine or a salt thereof andoptionally one or more additional active agents such as those describedherein).

In embodiments where the active substance(s) are present in dispersedform, the particles of active substance(s) suitably have an averageparticle size of up to about 10 μm, suitably from about 0.1 μm to about5 μm, more suitably from about 1 μm to about 5 μm.

Propellant-driven inhalation aerosols according to certain suchembodiments of the present invention may be administered using inhalersknown in the art (e.g., MDIs: metered dose inhalers, see e.g., U.S. Pat.Nos. 6,380,046, 6,615,826 and 6,260,549, the disclosures of each ofwhich are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties).Accordingly, in another aspect, the present invention providespharmaceutical compositions in the form of propellant-driven aerosolscombined with one or more inhalers suitable for administering theseaerosols. In addition, the present invention provides inhalers which arecharacterized in that they contain the propellant gas-containingaerosols described throughout. The present invention also providescartridges which are fitted with a suitable valve and can be used in asuitable inhaler and which contain one or more of the propellantgas-containing inhalation aerosols described throughout. Suitablecartridges and methods of filling these cartridges with the inhalableaerosols containing propellant gas according to the invention are knownin the art.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides propellant-freeinhalable formulations, such as solutions and suspensions, comprising(or consisting essentially of) azelastine or a salt thereof andoptionally one or more additional active agents such as those describedherein. Suitable solvents for use in such embodiments include aqueousand alcoholic solvents, suitably an ethanolic solution. The solvents maybe water on its own or a mixture of water and ethanol. The relativeproportion of ethanol compared with water suitably is up to about 70percent by volume, more suitably up to about 60 percent by volume, or upto about 30 percent by volume. The remainder of the volume is made up ofwater. The solutions or suspensions containing azelastine or a saltthereof and optionally one or more additional active agents, such asthose described herein, separately or together, are adjusted to a pH of2 to 7, using suitable acids or bases. The pH may be adjusted usingacids selected from inorganic or organic acids. Examples of suitableinorganic acids include hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, nitricacid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid. Examples of suitable organicacids include ascorbic acid, citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid,maleic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, acetic acid, formic acid,propionic acid, etc. Exemplary inorganic acids include hydrochloric andsulfuric acids. It is also possible to use the acids which have alreadyformed an acid addition salt with one or more of the active substances.Exemplary organic acids include ascorbic acid, fumaric acid and citricacid. If desired, mixtures of the above acids may be used, particularlyin the case of acids which have other properties in addition to theiracidifying qualities, e.g., as flavorings, antioxidants or complexingagents, such as citric acid or ascorbic acid, for example. Hydrochloricacid can be used to adjust the pH.

Co-solvents and/or other excipients may be added to the propellant-freeinhalable formulations of the present invention. Suitable co-solventsare those which contain hydroxyl groups or other polar groups, e.g.,alcohols—such as isopropyl alcohol, glycols—such as propylene glycol,polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, glycol ether, glycerol,polyoxyethylene alcohols and polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters. Theterms excipients and additives in this context denote anypharmacologically acceptable substance which is not an active substancebut which can be formulated with the active substance or substances inthe pharmacologically suitable solvent in order to improve thequalitative properties of the active substance formulation. Suitably,these substances have no pharmacological effect or, in connection withthe desired therapy, no appreciable or at least no undesirablepharmacological effect. The excipients and additives include, forexample, surfactants such as soy lecithin, oleic acid, sorbitan esters,such as polysorbates, polyvinylpyrrolidone, other stabilizers,complexing agents, antioxidants and/or preservatives which prolong theshelf life of the finished pharmaceutical formulation, flavorings,vitamins and/or other additives known in the art. The additives alsoinclude pharmacologically acceptable salts such as sodium chloride asisotonic agents.

Exemplary excipients include antioxidants such as ascorbic acid, vitaminA, vitamin E, tocopherols and similar vitamins and provitamins occurringin the human body.

Preservatives may be used to protect the inhalable formulationsdisclosed herein from contamination with pathogens. Suitablepreservatives are those which are known in the art, particularly cetylpyridinium chloride, benzalkonium chloride or benzoic acid or benzoatessuch as sodium benzoate in the concentration known from the prior art.The preservatives mentioned above are suitably present in concentrationsof up to about 50 mg/100 ml, more suitably between about 5 and about 20mg/100 ml. Alternatively, the inhalable formulations can be preparedwithout preservatives, for example, in unit-dose forms, such asdescribed herein.

The propellant-free inhalable formulations according to the presentinvention can be administered using inhalers of the kind which arecapable of nebulizing a small amount of a liquid formulation in thetherapeutic dose within a few seconds to produce an aerosol suitable fortherapeutic inhalation. Suitable inhalers are those in which a quantityof less than about 100 μL, less than about 50 μL, or between about 10 μLand about 30 μL of active substance solution can be nebulized in onespray action to form an aerosol with an average particle size of lessthan about 20 μm, suitably less than about 10 μm, in such a way that theinhalable part of the aerosol corresponds to the therapeuticallyeffective quantity.

Suitable apparatuses for propellant-free delivery of a metered quantityof a liquid pharmaceutical composition according to the presentinvention are described for example in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,497,944;5,662,271; 5,964,416; 6,402,055; 6,497,373; 6,726,124; and 6,918,547,the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in theirentireties. In another embodiment, the present invention providespharmaceutical formulations in the form of propellant-free inhalableformulations, such as solutions or suspensions, as described herein,combined with a device suitable for administering such formulations.

The propellant-free inhalable formulations, e.g., solutions orsuspensions, according to the present invention may take the form ofconcentrates or sterile inhalable solutions or suspensions ready foruse. Formulations ready for use may be produced from the concentrates,for example, by the addition of isotonic saline solutions. Sterileformulations ready for use may be administered using energy-operatedfixed or portable nebulizers which produce inhalable aerosols by meansof ultrasound or compressed air by the Venturi principle or otherprinciples.

The present invention also provides fine particle dosages of azelastineor a salt thereof (e.g., azelastine HCl) and optionally one or moreadditional active agents such as those described herein. A deliveredfine particle dose (FPD) of azelastine or a salt thereof (e.g.,azelastine HCl) administered by inhalation herein is not limited, andmay generally be in a range from about 1 to about 50 μg, including about5, 10, 15, 20, 30 and 40 μg. The correct metered dose loaded into aninhaler to be used for the purpose of administration can be adjusted forpredicted losses such as retention and more or less efficientde-aggregation of the inhaled dose.

Excipient particles having a physical median particle size larger thanabout 25 μm and having a very narrow particle size distribution withgenerally less than 5% of the particles by mass being below 10 μmgenerally show good flow properties, and are suitable for use inmixtures together with azelastine or a salt thereof (e.g., azelastineHCl) and optionally one or more additional active agents, such as thosedescribed herein. For inhalation purposes, carrier particles having amass median particle size in a range from about 10 to about 250 μm aretypically selected, including about 30, 50, 70, 100, 130, 160, 190, and220 μm. The median particle size chosen within this range depends onmany factors, e.g. type of carrier substance, degree of powderflowability to be attained, type of inhaler and ease of de-aggregationduring inhalation of the resulting medicament. Commercial grades ofRespitos are available (lactose monohydrate from DMV of several definedparticle size distributions up to 400 μm) suitable as particularexcipients to be used in formulations containing azelastine, e.g. gradeSV003. Uniform homogeneous azelastine powder formulations having aphysical median particle size down to about 10 μm can also provide goodflow properties when the particles have been modified to have a verysmooth surface, thereby improving the flow properties of theformulation.

A practical lower limit for volumetric dose forming for such inhalablepowder formulations is in a range of about 0.5 to 1 mg. Smaller dosescan be difficult to produce and still maintain a low relative standarddeviation between doses in the order of 10%. Typically, though, dosemasses range from about 1 to 10 mg.

Suitable excipients for inclusion in the azelastine powder formulationsinclude, but are not limited to, monosaccarides, disaccarides,polylactides, oligo- and polysaccarides, polyalcohols, polymers, saltsor mixtures from these groups, e.g. glucose, arabinose, lactose, lactosemonohydrate, lactose anhydrous (i.e., no crystalline water present inlactose molecule), saccharose, maltose, dextran, sorbitol, mannitol,xylitol, sodium chloride and calcium carbonate.

Excipients for use with azelastine or a salt thereof (e.g., azelastineHCl) and optionally one or more additional active agents, such as thosedescribed herein, generally are selected from among excipients whichhave good moisture qualities in the sense that the substance will notadversely affect the active agent fine particle dose (FPD) for the shelflife of the product regardless of normal changes in ambient conditionsduring storage. Suitable “dry” excipients are well known in the art andinclude those disclosed herein. For example, lactose can be selected asa dry excipient, or lactose monohydrate can be used in a formulationwith azelastine or a salt thereof (and optionally one or more additionalactive agents, such as those described herein). Lactose has the inherentproperty of having a low and constant water sorption isotherm.Excipients having a similar or lower sorption isotherm can also be used.

As discussed throughout, and in a further aspect of the presentinvention, azelastine or a salt thereof (e.g., azelastine HCl) may bemixed or formulated with one or more additional active agents such asthose described herein in the dry powder or other inhalableformulations. The present invention also encompasses the use ofazelastine or a salt thereof where a combination of azelastine or a saltthereof with other agents, such as those described herein, constitute aformulation from which metered doses are then produced, filled andsealed into dry, moisture-tight, high barrier seal containers intendedfor insertion into a DPI to be administered according to a particulardosing regime or as needed by the user. Suitable additional activeagents include those disclosed throughout, for example, inhaledsteroids: e.g., budesonid, fluticasone, rofleponide, mometasone, and/orciclesonide; NSAIDs, e.g., ibuprofen; leukotriene antagonists, e.g.,montelukast; additional antihistamines, e.g., epinastine, cetirizine,fexofenadine, olopatadine, levocabastine, loratadine, mizolastine,ketotifene, emedastine, dimetindene, clemastine, bamipine,cexchlorphenirarnine, pheniramine, doxylamine, chlorphenoxamine,dimenhydrinate, diphenhydramine, promethazine, ebastine, desloratidineand/or meclozine; beta-mimetics: e.g., formoterol, salmeterol,salbutamol and/or terbutalinsulphate; PDE IV inhibitors: e.g.,3′,5′-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases and derivates; adenosine A2areceptor agonists: e.g., Ribofuranosylvanamide derivates, and/orsubstances described in U.S. Published Patent Application No.2003/013675, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference hereinin its entirety.

A sealed, dry, high barrier container can be loaded with a powder formazelastine or a salt thereof (e.g., azelastine HCl) and optionally oneor more additional active agents, such as those described herein, in theform of a blister and may comprise a flat dose bed or a formed cavity inaluminum foil or a molded cavity in a polymer material, using a highbarrier seal foil against ingress of moisture, e.g. of aluminum or acombination of aluminum and polymer materials. The sealed, dry, highbarrier container may form a part of an inhaler device or it may form apart of a separate item intended for insertion into an inhaler devicefor administration of pre-metered doses.

The inhalable pharmaceutical formulations of the present invention thatcomprise (or consist essentially of) azelastine or a salt thereof (e.g.,azelastine HCl) and a suitable steroid (e.g., a safe steroid) aresuitably formulated as azelastine:steroid in ratios by weight rangingfrom about 1:300 to about 50:1, and more suitably from about 1:250 toabout 40:1. In exemplary formulations which contain azelastine or a saltthereof (e.g., azelastine HCl) and a steroid selected from amongbudesonide, fluticasone, mometasone, and ciclesonide, the weight ratioof azelastine (or salt thereof):steroid are suitably in the range ofabout 1:150 to about 30:1, and more suitably from about 1:50 to 20:1.

The inhalable formulations of the present invention are especiallysuitable for the treatment of inflammatory (including allergic) orobstructive diseases of the upper or lower respiratory tract, includingasthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), andcomplications thereof such as pulmonary hypertension, as well asallergic and non-allergic rhinitis. In addition, the inhalableformulations according to the present invention may be used to treatcystic fibrosis and allergic alveolitis (Farmer's Lung).

The present invention also provides inhalable spray pharmaceuticalcompositions comprising (or consisting essentially of), a suitableconcentration to provide a therapeutically effective dose of azelastine,or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof, and one or morepharmaceutically acceptable carrier, stabilizer or excipient, whereinthe azelastine is in a solution form and wherein at least one of thepharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients is sucralosedissolved in the solution. Such inhalable spray pharmaceuticalcompositions when used with a suitable device provide a fine spray ofthe components (including active and non-active components) having anaverage particle size of about 1 μm to about Such inhalable spraypharmaceutical compositions of the present invention can be formulatedfor pulmonary delivery using, for example, a suitable device or inhaler.Suitably the amount of azelastine in such inhalable spray pharmaceuticalcompositions is about 0.1% to about 10% by weight and the amount ofsucralose in such inhalable spray pharmaceutical compositions is about0.05% to about 0.15% by weight, though other suitable amounts willreadily be determined by the ordinarily skilled artisan.

Clinical Indications

The compositions provided by the present invention are useful in methodsfor the treatment of a variety of physical disorders in animals(particularly mammals including humans) that are predisposed to orsuffering from a physical disorder that may be delayed, prevented, curedor otherwise treated by the administration of azelastine or apharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof. Thus, in additionalembodiments, the invention provides methods of treating or preventingsuch physical disorders, comprising administering an effective amount ofone or more of the compositions of the invention to an animal(particularly a mammal, including a human) that is predisposed to orsuffering from such a physical disorder. As used herein, an animal thatis “predisposed to” a physical disorder is defined as an animal thatdoes not exhibit a plurality of overt physical symptoms of the disorderbut that is genetically, physiologically or otherwise at risk fordeveloping the disorder. In such situations, the compositions of thepresent invention may thus be used prophylactically as chemopreventiveagents for such disorders.

According to the invention, a mammal (preferably a human) that ispredisposed to or suffering from a physical disorder may be treated byadministering to the animal an effective dose of one or more of thepharmaceutical compositions of the present invention. Physical disorderstreatable with the compositions and methods of the present inventioninclude any physical disorder that is characterized by allergicrhinitis, vasomotor rhinitis, and/or allergic conjunctivitis,inflammatory or obstructive diseases of the upper or lower respiratorytract, including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases(COPD), and complications thereof such as pulmonary hypertension, aswell as allergic and non-allergic rhinitis, cystic fibrosis and allergicalveolitis (Farmer's Lung), reactions to plant or insect allergens,environmental allergens, allergic ocular conditions (e.g., hay feverconjunctivitis, perennial allergic conjunctivitis, giant papillaryconjunctivitis, vernal keratoconjunctivitis or atopickeratoconjunctivitis) and irritant dermatitis, as well as other relatedor similar disorders. The compositions of the invention are also usefulin treating or preventing the symptoms of such disorders, and therebyprovide symptomatic relief to patients suffering from or predisposed tosuch disorders.

Dosing

As noted above, by the invention, a composition comprising an effectiveamount of azelastine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or esterthereof (e.g., azelastine HCl), and optionally, one or more additionalactive agents such as those described herein, can be administered to apatient to provide symptomatic relief from a variety of disorders,including allergic rhinitis, vasomotor rhinitis, allergicconjunctivitis, as well as the various other disorders disclosedthroughout and known in the art. One of ordinary skill will appreciatethat the amount or concentration of azelastine (or salt or esterthereof, including azelastine hydrochloride) that constitutes “aneffective amount” of azelastine can be determined empirically.Non-limiting examples of effective amounts of azelastine (or salt orester thereof, including azelastine hydrochloride) for use in thepharmaceutical compositions of the present invention include thosedescribed in detail herein. It also will be understood that, whenadministered to a human patient, the total daily usage of thecompositions of the present invention will be decided or recommended bythe attending physician, pharmacist or other medical practitioner withinthe scope of sound medical judgment.

The intranasal formulations of this invention are most effective whenproper product design is utilized. The preferred product design includesa composition of the invention contained within a delivery system, suchas a bottle and a pump, for nasal delivery of the formulation in a mistof spray droplets to coat the mucosa of the nasal cavity uponadministration. Preferred pumps for use in such products of theinvention are metered multi-dose pumps; however, single unit-dosecontainers are also acceptable to deliver the therapeutic dose ofazelastine (or salt or ester thereof, including azelastinehydrochloride) to the nasal cavity. The selection of the pump is basedon the desired dose/spray volume and spray pattern appropriate for localdelivery to the nasal mucosa. In certain such embodiments of theinvention, the compositions can be effectively contained in a packagecomprising a high density polyethylene bottle fitted with a screw cap,and are delivered by a metered-dose spray pump designed for intranasalapplication in volumes of 0.07 to 0.15 ml such as the VP3/140 18/415 orthe VP3/140F 18/415 Spigot 522 pumps designed by Valois Pharm, Marly leRoi, France. In addition, the intranasal formulations can be provided ina unit dose form, such as described herein.

The ocular formulations of this invention are also most effective whenproper product design is utilized. The preferred product design includesa composition of the invention contained within a delivery system, suchas a bottle and a dropper, for ocular delivery of the formulation tocoat the conjunctival sac of the eyes upon administration. Preferredpackages for use in such products of the invention are multi-dose;however, single unit-dose containers are also acceptable to deliver thetherapeutic dose of azelastine (or salt or ester thereof, includingazelastine hydrochloride) to the eyes. In certain such embodiments ofthe invention, the compositions can be effectively contained in apackage comprising a high density polyethylene bottle (HDPE) in volumecapacity of 10 mL fitted with a low density polyethylene dropper andsecured with a HDPE cap closure. In addition, the ocular formulationscan be provided in a unit dose form, such as described herein.

Suitable compositions of the present invention include about 0.1%, about0.125% or about 0.15% azelastine, and about 0.05%-0.15% sucralose.Described below are non-limiting examples of the compositions of thepresent invention, comprising 0.05%, 0.1% or 0.15% azelastinehydrochloride, 0.1% to 0.3% of hypromellose as a thickener, 0.05% to0.15% of sucralose as a sweetening and taste-masking agent, and/or 0.05%menthol as a taste-masking/flavoring agent. Suitable such compositionscan also comprise one or more additional active agents such as thosedescribed herein at the various concentrations and amounts describedherein. These compositions are well-tolerated despite the intensebitterness contributed by the presence of azelastine hydrochloride.Thus, use of such compositions of the invention provide symptomaticrelief from allergic rhinitis, vasomotor rhinitis, or allergicconjunctivitis, while significantly improving patient acceptability andcompliance.

Treatment of Snoring

The present invention also provides a method for treating snoring thatin some cases eliminates snoring entirely, and in other cases reducesthe intensity and frequency of snoring. The treatment comprisesadministering a prescribed dosage in one or more doses per day ofazelastine or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof along with ataste-masking agent. The azelastine is suitably topically applied to thenasal passage, generally in the form of a nasal spray or in otherdelivery forms described herein. Azelastine is administered in an amounteffective to inhibit snoring and may be administered once or more thanonce a day. In a suitable embodiment, at least one dose is administeredprior to bedtime. Published International Patent Application No. WO02/056876, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference hereinin its entirety, describes compositions and methods for treatment ofsnoring that can be used in the practice of the present invention.

In one embodiment, the present invention provides a sterile and stableaqueous solution of azelastine or one or more of its salts (e.g.,azelastine HCl), along with one or more taste-masking agents andoptionally one or more additional active agents such as those describedherein, which can be used in the form of drops, ointments, creams, gels,insufflatable powders or, in a suitable embodiment, in the form of aspray (preferably a nasal spray). The spray can be formed by the use ofa conventional spray-squeeze bottle or a pump vaporizer. In addition, itis also possible to use compressed gas aerosols. For example, 0.03 to 3mg of azelastine base can be released per individual actuation.

In certain such embodiments, the formulations of the present inventionfor use in treating snoring comprise one or more taste-masking agents,one or more flavoring agents, and/or one or more sweetening agents, or acombination of such agents. Non-limiting examples of such substancesinclude those described herein. For example, sucralose is especiallyeffective as a sweetening and taste-masking agent in the compositions ofthe present invention for use in treatment of snoring, particularly whenused at concentrations of from about 0.001% to about 1%, suitably atconcentrations of from about 0.01% to about 0.5%, and more suitably atconcentrations of from about 0.02% to about 0.2%, and most suitably fromabout 0.05% to about 0.15%, of the total composition.

Solvents which may be used for such formulations include, but are notlimited to, water, saturated aliphatic mono and polyvalent alcoholswhich contain 2-3 carbon atoms (for example ethanol. Isopropanol,1,2-propylene glycol, glycerine), liquid polyglycols (molecular weight200 to 600). The solvent used is suitably water or mixtures of waterwith other physiologically acceptable solvents (for example thosementioned above). Suitably, the amount of the latter solvent in theaqueous mixture should not exceed 15% by weight.

Such solutions or formulations suitably can contain preservatives andstabilizers, as well as other excipients disclosed herein. Suitableexcipients include, for example: ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid(eidetic acid) and their alkali salts (for example dialkali salts suchas disodium salt, calcium salt, calcium-sodium salt), lower alkylp-hydroxybenzoates, chlorohexidine (for example in the form of theacetate or gluconate), phenyl mercury borate. Furthermore, it ispossible, for example, to use sodium-(2-ethylmercurithio)-benzoategenerally known as “thimerosal” which may be present in an amount of0.001 to 0.05, preferably from 0.005 to 0.02, for example 0.01%(weight/volume in liquid formulations, otherwise weight/weight). Othersuitable preservatives are: pharmaceutically useful quaternary ammoniumcompounds, for example cetylpyridinium chloride, tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide, generally known as “cetrimide,”benzyldimethyl-[2-[2-[p-(1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-butyl)]phenoxy]ethoxy]-ammoniumchloride, generally known as “benzethonium chloride” andmyristyl-:-picolinium chloride. Each of these compounds may be used in aconcentration of 0.002 to 0.05, for example 0.02% (weight/volume inliquid formulations, otherwise weight/weight). Preferred preservativesamong the quaternary ammonium compounds are alkylbenzyl dimethylammonium chloride and mixtures thereof, for example the compoundsgenerally known as “benzalkonium chloride.”

Such formulations of the present invention for treatment of snoring(solutions, suspensions as well as oily solutions or suspensions,ointments, emulsions, creams, gels, dosage aerosols) can contain about0.0005 to about 2, preferably about 0.001 to about 1, or about 0.003 toabout 0.5% (weight/weight) of azelastine (related to the free azelastinebase). Should azelastine be present as a salt, the amounts should berecalculated as necessary to give the amounts of azelastine, in the freeacid form shown above. In the case of powders, the concentration ofazelastine base generally is about 0.0005 to about 2 percent by weightrelative to the solid carrier substances.

In the case of solutions, the dosage per nostril is, for example, 0.01to 0.2 ml, in particular 0.05 to 0.15 ml. Such a dosage should beapplied once to several times, preferably 1 to 5 times daily (optionallyalso hourly).

Suitable acid components for azelastine salts are, for example,hydrophilic acids (HCl, HBr), sulfuric acid, phosphoric acids), nitricacid, organic mono-, di- or tricarboxylic acids of aliphatic, alicyclic,aromatic or heterocyclic organic acids (embonic acid, citric acid,tartaric acid), aliphatic and aromatic sulfonic acids (for examplecamphorsulfonic acid).

It is also suitable to add buffer substances such as citric acid/sodiumhydrogensulphate borate buffer, phosphates (sodiumhydrogenorthophosphate, disodiumhydrogenphosphate), tromethamol orequivalent conventional buffers in order, for example, to adjust theformulation to a pH value of 6 to 7.5, preferably 6.5 to 7.1.

In one embodiment, snoring is treated by use of a 0.1% or a 0.15%aqueous solution of azelastine hydrochloride, suitably as a nasal spray.The spray is metered to deliver about 137 μg of azelastine hydrochloride(equivalent to 125 μg of azelastine base).

In addition to azelastine, the compositions useful for treating snoringcan also optionally contain one or more additional active agents such asthose described herein. In addition, the compositions for treatingsnoring can also further comprise one more sedatives or sleeping aids tohelp assist the user in falling asleep. Suitable sedatives and sleepaids include, but are not limited to, melatonin(N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), a melatonin agonist, GABA(gamma-amino-butyric acid), other antihistamines (for example, benoctenand olopatadine), benzodiazepines (for example, midazolam, diazepam),diazepines, phenobarbiturates, diphenhydramines or methiazoles. Othersuitable sleep aids include plant extracts such as: Valerianaofficinalis, Lavandula angustifolia, Humulus lupulus, passifloraincarnate, Ocimum basilicum, Nardostachysjatamamsi, Hypericumperforatum, Corydalis cava, Daliva miltiorrhiza, Cyperipedium pubescens,Cymbopogon flexuosus, Melissa officinalis, Monarda didymia, Citrusaurantii, Psicidia piscioula, and the like.

It will be readily apparent to one of ordinary skill in the relevantarts that other suitable modifications and adaptations to the methodsand applications described herein may be made without departing from thescope of the invention or any embodiment thereof. It is to be understoodthat while the invention has been described in conjunction with thedetailed description thereof, the foregoing description is intended toillustrate and not limit the scope of the invention, which is defined bythe scope of the appended claims. Other aspects, advantages, andmodifications are within the scope of the claims. Having now describedthe present invention in detail, the same will be more clearlyunderstood by reference to the following examples, which are includedherewith for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to belimiting of the invention.

EXAMPLES Example 1 Azelastine Hydrochloride Nasal Solution

In one exemplary composition of the invention, a nasal spray formulationcontaining azelastine hydrochloride was prepared using hypromellose as athickener, sorbitol as an isotonicity agent and sweetener, and sucraloseas both a sweetener and a taste-masking agent.

Ingredient % Azelastine Hydrochloride 0.150 Hypromellose 2900, USP 40000.100 Edetate Disodium, USP 0.050 Sorbitol 70%, USP 6.400 SodiumCitrate, USP, Dihydrate 0.068 Sucralose, NF 0.150 Benzalkonium Chloride50% Solution, NF 0.025 Water Purified or Deionized Q.S. to 100%

Following preparation, the composition was filtered, and was packagedinto high density polyethylene bottles fitted with a screw cap andcomprising a VP3 metered-dose spray pump designed for intranasalapplication in a volume of about 0.14 ml (Valois). For use, one or twosprays were administered to each nostril two times per day, or asprescribed.

Example 2 Azelastine Hydrochloride Nasal Solution

In another exemplary composition provided by the present invention, anasal spray formulation containing azelastine hydrochloride was preparedusing hypromellose as a thickener and sucralose and menthol astaste-masking agents:

Ingredient % Azelastine Hydrochloride 0.100 Hypromellose 2900, USP 40000.300 Edetate Disodium, USP 0.050 Sodium Citrate, USP, Dihydrate 0.068Sucralose, NF 0.050 Propylene Glycol, USP 1.895 Menthol, USP 0.050Benzalkonium Chloride 50%, NF 0.025 Water Purified or Deionized Q.S. to100%

Following preparation, the composition was filtered, and was packagedinto high density polyethylene bottles fitted with a screw cap andcomprising a VP3 metered-dose spray pump designed for intranasalapplication in a volume of about 0.14 ml (Valois). For use, one or twosprays were administered to each nostril two times per day, or asprescribed.

Example 3 Azelastine Hydrochloride Nasal Solution

In another exemplary composition of the invention, a nasal sprayformulation containing azelastine hydrochloride was prepared usinghypromellose as a thickener, sodium chloride as an isotonicity agent,and sucralose as both a sweetener and a taste-masking agent.

Ingredient % Azelastine Hydrochloride 0.100 Hypromellose 2900, USP 40000.100 Edetate Disodium, USP 0.050 Citric Acid Anhydrous, USP 0.044Dibasic Sodium Phosphate Heptahydrate, USP 0.486 Sodium Chloride, USP0.687 Sucralose, NF 0.150 Benzalkonium Chloride 50% Solution, NF 0.025Water Purified or Deionized Q.S. to 100%

Following preparation, the composition was filtered, and was packagedinto high density polyethylene bottles fitted with a screw cap andcomprising a VP3 metered-dose spray pump designed for intranasalapplication in a volume of about 0.14 ml (Valois). For use, one or twosprays were administered to each nostril about two times per day, or asprescribed.

Example 4 Azelastine Hydrochloride Ocular Solution

In another exemplary composition provided by the present invention, anocular formulation containing azelastine hydrochloride was preparedusing hypromellose as a thickener, sorbitol as an isotonicity agent, andsucralose as a taste-masking agent:

Ingredient % Azelastine Hydrochloride 0.050 Hypromellose 2900, USP 40000.100 Edetate Disodium, USP 0.050 Sucralose, NF 0.150 Sorbitol Solution70%, USP 6.667 Benzalkonium Chloride 50%, NF 0.025 Water Purified orDeionized Q.S. to 100%

Following preparation, the composition was aseptically filtered, and waspackaged into high density polyethylene bottles fitted with low densitypolyethylene dropper tips and a high density polyethylene protectivecap. The droppers were designed for delivery of approximately 0.03 mLper drop. For use, one drop was instilled into each affected eye twice aday, or as prescribed.

Example 5 Sensory Descriptive Bitterness Taste Analysis of Astelin NasalSpray

To determine effectiveness of masking agents in improving the taste ofAstelin® Nasal Spray, a sensory evaluation of various formulations wasconducted. Testing was carried out via a randomized, double-blind,placebo-controlled trial to evaluate comparability between the currentlyFDA-approved Astelin® Nasal Spray formulation and various sweetenedazelastine hydrochloride nasal spray formulations. The objective of thestudy was to determine if a sweetened formulation of azelastinehydrochloride (containing 137 μg azelastine HCl), that includes 0.15%sucralose as a taste masking agent, is equivalent in efficacy and safetyto the currently approved formulation of Astelin® Nasal Spray (alsocontaining 137 μg of azelastine HCl).

Methodology:

Panelists: Twelve highly trained descriptive panelists led by a panelleader.

Data Analysis: Data were entered into an Excel spreadsheet and proofedfor accuracy. An analysis was conducted with the data using ANOVA andDuncan means separation at a confidence level of 95% using SPSS 13.0 forWindows.

Methodology: Panelists measured the bitterness, noted other flavorsperceived as well as observed the length of time the bitterness lastedin the throat.

All solutions were prepared with Milli-Q Water

Standard Solutions

-   -   0.05% caffeine, bitter 2    -   0.08% caffeine, bitter 5    -   0.11% caffeine, bitter 7.5

Test samples were coded with random three-digit numbers. Panelistsscored samples on ballots individually. Samples were evaluated bypanelists using a 15-point intensity scale divided into 0.1 pointincrements with zero indicating no measurable effect and 15 indicatingan extremely strong effect.

Product Identification:

(1) Astelin Nasal Spray Batch #1326 (two sprays) (azelastinehydrochloride, 137 μg azelastine HCl per two sprays)

(2) Astelin Nasal Spray Batch #1326 (four sprays) (azelastinehydrochloride, 137 μg azelastine HCl per two sprays)

(3) Astelin Nasal Spray Batch #03-33-01c (two sprays) (azelastinehydrochloride solution 0.1% w/v Investigational Formulation withsorbitol and high concentration of sucralose, 137 μg azelastine HCl pertwo sprays)

(4) Astelin Nasal Spray Batch #03-33-01c (four sprays) (azelastinehydrochloride solution 0.1% w/v Investigational Formulation withsorbitol and high concentration of sucralose, 137 μg azelastine HCl pertwo sprays).

Results and Discussion

(A) Commercial Formulation (Standard Azelastine Hydrochloride CommercialFormulation)

This sample and sample 1326 four sprays exhibited the most bitternesswith nasal discomfort that fell between mild and moderate. Thebitterness was more intense in those who experienced more drainage.However, the bitterness dissipated within 30 minutes for most panelists.A couple of panelists experienced some residual bitterness for 2 to 3hours after testing. The nasal discomfort was predominately described astingling, cooling or slight burning.

(B) Sample 1326 Four Sprays

This sample and the Commercial Formulation displayed the most bitternesswith nasal discomfort that fell between mild and moderate. Severalpanelists described this sample as similar or identical to theCommercial Formulation. As with the Commercial Formulation, mostpanelists did not notice any bitterness after 30 minutes.

(C) Sample 1326 Two Sprays

This sample was significantly less bitter than the CommercialFormulation using four sprays. Additionally, the nasal discomfort waslessened and described as mild. For most, the bitterness lasted lessthan 30 minutes. Some panelists questioned the effectiveness of twosprays versus four sprays.

(D) Sample 03-33-01c Four Sprays

While this sample was also significantly less bitter than the CommercialFormulation using four sprays, the sweetness was notable. The nasaldiscomfort was described as mild and similar to Sample 1326 two spraysand 03-33-01c two sprays. Most panelists described this sample as moresweet than bitter. As they experienced drainage, the sweet flavorintensified overriding any bitterness. Both sweet and bitter flavorsdissipated within an hour.

(E) Sample 03-33-01c Two Sprays

This sample exhibited the least bitterness. Although the panelists noteda slight sweetness in this sample, it was not nearly as strong as whenusing four sprays. The sweetness did not override the slight bitternessas it did when using four sprays. The nasal discomfort was described asmild. Most indicated no bitter or sweet taste after 30 minutes. Thebitterness faded faster than the sweetness. As with Sample 1326 twosprays, some panelists questioned the effectiveness of two sprays versusfour.

Panelists' Preferences

Of the four test samples, 4 of 11 panelists ranked 03-33-01c two spraysas their first choice. Four panelists ranked it as their second choice.They liked the slight sweetness that masked the bitterness; however,several did question whether two sprays were as effective as four.

Four of eleven panelists chose 03-33-01c four sprays as their firstchoice with four indicating it would be their second choice. Again, theypreferred the sweet flavor that masked the bitterness and they felt itwas effective.

Three of eleven panelist chose 1326 two sprays as their first choice,with one choosing it as a second choice. Some did not like the sweetnessand preferred a slight bitterness. Some questioned the effectiveness oftwo sprays.

No panelists ranked 1326 four sprays as their first choice. One panelistchose it as her second choice because she did not like the sweet tasteat all.

Conclusions

The panelists recognized the Commercial Formulation and sample 1326 foursprays as the same.

Using two sprays of sample 1326 helped significantly with the bitternessand nasal discomfort.

The 03-33-01c samples were significantly less bitter and gave less nasaldiscomfort than the Commercial Formulation.

The 03-33-01c samples were equally preferred due to the maskingsweetness.

Example 6 Preservative Free Ocular Solution for Unit Dose

One exemplary composition provided by the present invention, is a liquiddosage formulation containing azelastine hydrochloride prepared usinghypromellose as a thickener and sucralose and menthol as a taste-maskingagent in the ranges provided below:

Ingredient % Azelastine Hydrochloride 0.0500-.150  Hypromellose 2900,USP 4000 0.300 Edetate Disodium, USP 0.050 Sodium Citrate, USP,Dihydrate 0.068 Sucralose, NF 0.050-0.150 Propylene Glycol, USP 1.895Water Purified or Deionized Q.S. to 100%

Following preparation, the solution is filtered, and packaged into highdensity polyethylene containers. An approximate unit dose volume ofabout 0.25 mL to 1 mL is filled in the container which has a capacity ofabout 1 mL. The use of a single unit-dose container eliminates theconcerns of contamination and provides the convenience of portability.

Example 7 Azelastine Hydrochloride Nasal Solution Comprising Steroid

One exemplary composition of the invention is a nasal spray formulationcontaining azelastine hydrochloride prepared using hypromellose as athickener, a steroid, and sucralose as both a sweetener and ataste-masking agent.

Ingredient % Azelastine Hydrochloride 0.05-0.150 Steroid (fluticasone,mometasone, 0.01-2.0  dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, ortriamcinolone) Hypromellose 2900, USP 4000 0.100 Edetate Disodium, USP0.050 Sorbitol 70%, USP 6.400 Sodium Citrate, USP, Dihydrate 0.068Sucralose, NF 0.1-0.15 Benzalkonium Chloride 50% Solution, NF 0.025Water Purified or Deionized Q.S. to 100%

Following preparation, the solution is packaged into high densitypolyethylene bottles fitted with a screw cap and comprising a VP3metered-dose spray pump designed for intranasal application of about0.14 ml (Valois). For use, one or two sprays can be administered to eachnostril two times per day, or as prescribed.

Example 8 Azelastine Hydrochloride Nasal Solution Comprising LeukotrieneAntagonist

One exemplary composition of the invention is a nasal spray formulationcontaining azelastine hydrochloride prepared using hypromellose as athickener, a leukotriene antagonist, and sucralose as both a sweetenerand a taste-masking agent.

Ingredient % Azelastine Hydrochloride 0.05-0.150 Leukotriene antagonist(montelukast) 0.1-5.0  Hypromellose 2900, USP 4000 0.100 EdetateDisodium, USP 0.050 Sorbitol 70%, USP 6.400 Sodium Citrate, USP,Dihydrate 0.068 Sucralose, NF 0.1-0.15 Benzalkonium Chloride 50%Solution, NF 0.025 Water Purified or Deionized Q.S. to 100%

Following preparation, the solution is packaged into high densitypolyethylene bottles fitted with a screw cap and comprising a VP3metered-dose spray pump designed for intranasal application of about0.14 ml (Valois). For use, one or two sprays can be administered to eachnostril two times per day, or as prescribed.

Example 9 Azelastine Hydrochloride Nasal Solution ComprisingDecongestant

One exemplary composition of the invention is a nasal spray formulationcontaining azelastine hydrochloride prepared using hypromellose as athickener, a decongestant, and sucralose as both a sweetener and ataste-masking agent.

Ingredient % Azelastine Hydrochloride 0.05-0.150 Decongestant(pseudoephedrine or 0.1-2.0  phenylephrine) Hypromellose 2900, USP 40000.100 Edetate Disodium, USP 0.050 Sorbitol 70%, USP 6.400 SodiumCitrate, USP, Dihydrate 0.068 Optionally, Sucralose, NF 0.1-0.15Benzalkonium Chloride 50% Solution, NF 0.025 Water Purified or DeionizedQ.S. to 100%

Following preparation, the solution is packaged into high densitypolyethylene bottles fitted with a screw cap and comprising a VP3metered-dose spray pump designed for intranasal application of about0.14 ml (Valois). For use, one or two sprays can be administered to eachnostril two times per day, or as prescribed.

Example 10 Azelastine Hydrochloride Nasal Solution Comprising NSAID

One exemplary composition of the invention is a nasal spray formulationcontaining azelastine hydrochloride prepared using hypromellose as athickener, an NSAID, and sucralose as both a sweetener and ataste-masking agent.

Ingredient % Azelastine Hydrochloride 0.05-0.150 NSAID (ibuprofen,diclofenac, 0.1-10.0 aceclofenac or naproxen) Hypromellose 2900, USP4000 0.100 Edetate Disodium, USP 0.050 Sorbitol 70%, USP 6.400 SodiumCitrate, USP, Dihydrate 0.068 Optionally, Sucralose, NF 0.1-0.15Benzalkonium Chloride 50% Solution, NF 0.025 Water Purified or DeionizedQ.S. to 100%

Following preparation, the solution is packaged into high densitypolyethylene bottles fitted with a screw cap and comprising a VP3metered-dose spray pump designed for intranasal application of about0.14 ml (Valois). For use, one or two sprays can be administered to eachnostril two times per day, or as prescribed.

Example 11 Azelastine Hydrochloride Nasal Solution Comprising Steroidand Decongestant

One exemplary composition of the invention is a nasal spray formulationcontaining azelastine hydrochloride prepared using hypromellose as athickener, a steroid, a decongestant, and sucralose as both a sweetenerand a taste-masking agent.

Ingredient % Azelastine Hydrochloride 0.05-0.150 Steroid (fluticasone,mometasone, 0.01-2.0  dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, ortriamcinolone) Decongestant (pseudoephedrine or 0.1-1.0  phenylephrine)Hypromellose 2900, USP 4000 0.100 Edetate Disodium, USP 0.050 Sorbitol70%, USP 6.400 Sodium Citrate, USP, Dihydrate 0.068 Optionally,Sucralose, NF 0.1-0.15 Benzalkonium Chloride 50% Solution, NF 0.025Water Purified or Deionized Q.S. to 100%

Following preparation, the composition is packaged into high densitypolyethylene bottles fitted with a screw cap and comprising a VP3metered-dose spray pump designed for intranasal application of about0.14 ml (Valois). For use, one or two sprays can be administered to eachnostril two times per day, or as prescribed.

Example 12 Azelastine Hydrochloride Nasal Solution Comprising Steroidand Leukotriene Antagonist

One exemplary composition of the invention is a nasal spray formulationcontaining azelastine hydrochloride prepared using hypromellose as athickener, steroid, a leukotriene antagonist, and sucralose as both asweetener and a taste-masking agent.

Ingredient % Azelastine Hydrochloride 0.05-0.150 Steroid (fluticasone,mometasone, 0.01-2.0  dexamethasone beloxil, loteprednol, budesonide, ortriamcinolone) Leukotriene antagonist (montelukast) 0.1-5.0 Hypromellose 2900, USP 4000 0.100 Edetate Disodium, USP 0.050 Sorbitol70%, USP 6.400 Sodium Citrate, USP, Dihydrate 0.068 Optionally,Sucralose, NF 0.1-0.15 Benzalkonium Chloride 50% Solution, NF 0.025Water Purified or Deionized Q.S. to 100%

Following preparation, the solution was packaged into high densitypolyethylene bottles fitted with a screw cap and comprising a VP3metered-dose spray pump designed for intranasal application of about0.14 ml (Valois). For use, one or two sprays can be administered to eachnostril two times per day, or as prescribed.

The present invention has been described with reference to certainembodiments thereof. However, the scope of the invention is not limitedto the embodiments described or exemplified. Workers of ordinary skillin the relevant arts will readily appreciate that other embodiments andexamples can be practiced without departing from the scope of thepresent invention. All such variations are considered to be part of, andtherefore encompassed by, the present invention.

All publications, patents and patent applications mentioned orreferenced in this specification are indicative of the level of skill ofthose skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains, andare herein incorporated by reference to the same extent as if eachindividual publication, patent or patent application was specificallyand individually indicated to be incorporated by reference.

1-139. (canceled)
 140. A liquid intranasal composition, comprising:about 0.01% to about 1% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride; about 0.001% toabout 1% (w/v) sucralose; and about 0.1% to about 10% (w/v) sorbitol70%.
 141. The composition of claim 140, further comprising: about 0.01%to about 0.5% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride.
 142. The composition ofclaim 140, further comprising: about 0.05% to about 0.5% (w/v)azelastine hydrochloride.
 143. The composition of claim 140, furthercomprising: about 0.05% to about 0.15% (w/v) azelastine hydrochloride.144. The composition of claim 140, further comprising: about 0.01% toabout 0.5% (w/v) sucralose.
 145. The composition of claim 140, furthercomprising: about 0.02% to about 0.2% (w/v) sucralose.
 146. Thecomposition of claim 140, further comprising: about 0.05% to about 0.15%(w/v) sucralose.
 147. The composition of claim 140, formulated in theform of a nasal spray or nasal drops.
 148. The composition of claim 140,formulated in the form of a nasal spray.
 149. The composition of claim140, formulated in the form of nasal drops.
 150. The composition ofclaim 140, contained within an intranasal delivery system.
 151. Thecomposition of claim 150, wherein the intranasal delivery systemcomprises a bottle and a pump.
 152. The composition of claim 151,wherein the pump is a metered multi-dose pump.
 153. The composition ofclaim 150, formulated to intranasally deliver a volume of thecomposition of about 0.07 ml to about 0.15 ml per spray.
 154. Thecomposition of claim 150, formulated to intranasally deliver a volume ofthe composition of about 0.14 ml per spray.
 155. The composition ofclaim 140, further comprising: hypromellose; disodium edetate;benzalkonium chloride 50% solution, NF; sodium citrate dihydrate; and QSwater.
 156. The composition of claim 140, wherein the concentration ofsorbitol is sufficient for the osmolality of the composition to be fromabout 220 mOsmol/kg to about 350 mOsmol/kg.
 157. The composition ofclaim 140, wherein the concentration of sorbitol is sufficient for theosmolality of the composition to be from about 250 mOsmol/kg to about320 mOsmol/kg.